Ionic

• Ionic bonds


  Bonds formed between atoms with opposite charges, attracted by electrostatic forces
• Formation of ions

  1. Atom loses or gains electrons

  2. Atom becomes positively or negatively charged
• Formation of ions


  • Sodium atom loses 1 electron to form sodium 1+ ion
  • Chlorine atom gains 1 electron to form chloride 1- ion
• Atoms with too many electrons

  Transfer electrons to atoms that don't have enough
• Ionic compound


  Formed when ions with opposite charges are attracted to each other
• Dot and cross diagram

  Representation of ionic bonding showing electrons as dots and crosses
• Dot and cross diagram

  • Electrons of one atom shown as dots, other as crosses
  • Can show all electron shells or just outermost shell
• Drawing dot and cross diagram for ionic compound

  1. Draw reactant atoms with outer shell electrons

  2. Identify which atoms will lose/gain electrons

  3. Arrange ions in compound structure
• Ionic compound

  • Magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
• Ionic bonds are similar in strength to covalent bonds