Set Notation

• ∈

  Is an element of
• ∉

  Is not an element of
• ⊆ with example

  Is a subset of.

  e.g. Set A is a Subset of Set B if every element in Set A is also in Set B
• ⊂ with example

  Is a proper subset of.

  e.g. Set A is a Proper Subset of Set B if every element in Set A is also in Set B, but Set A does not equal Set B
• ℕ

  The set of natural numbers
• ℤ

  The set of integers
• $ℤ^+$


  The set of positive integers
• $ℤ^+$$_0$


  The set of non negative integers
• ℝ

  The set of real numbers
• ℚ

  The set of rational numbers
• ∪

  Union
• ∩

  Intersection
• [a,b]

  The closed interval {x ∈ ℝ:a ≤ x ≤ b}
• [a,b)

  The interval {x ∈ ℝ:a ≤ x < b}
• (a,b]

  The interval {x ∈ ℝ:a < x ≤ b}
• (a,b)

  The open interval {x ∈ ℝ:a < x < b}
• B(n,p)

  Binomial distribution with parameters n and p, where n is the number of trials and p is the probability of success in a trial
• $σ^2$


  Population variance
• σ

  Population standard deviation
• x̅

  Sample mean
• $H_0$


  Null hypothesis
• $H_1$


  Alternative hypothesis