AOS 3 UNIT 2 area 5

Cards (35)

  • memory
    active info processing system that encodes, stores and retrieves info when needed
  • encoding
    code and put into memory acoustic, visual, semantic
  • storage
    maintain in memory episodic, procedural, semantic
  • retrieval
    recover from memory recall, recognition
  • storage capacity
    the amount of info held
  • storage duration
    length of time info is held
  • control processes
    processes under conscious control of individual then selected + used depending on situation attention, rehearsal, retrieval
  • structural features
    permanent built in aspects of model that don't vary in situations the 3 different stores and their capacity, duration
  • sensory memory (SM)

    entry point for new info from our senses info is an exact replica form (untouched) enables perceptual continuity 0.2- 4 secs potentially unlimited capacity
  • iconic memory (eyes)

    visual sensory memory 0.2-0.4 secs unlimited capacity
  • echoic memory (ears)

    auditory sensory info 3-4 secs unlimited capacity
  • short term memory (STM)

    stores a limited amount of info for a short period of time SM thats attended to may pass to STM info can enter STM from LTM during retrieval 18-30 secs 5-9 items limited capacity
  • long term memory (LTM)

    memory system that holds vast amounts of info for a long period of time info is encoded by meaning, semantically stored in networks relatively permanent virtually unlimited
  • explicit memory
    can be consciously or intentionally recalled knowing that subsystems are episodic and semantic
  • semantic memory
    declarative memory for facts or knowledge not tagged with details of time/place knowing humans are mammals
  • episodic memory
    declarative memory for personally experienced events that include time, place and psych= physio state of person mental diary of what we directly/indirectly experienced memory of first day of school
  • implicit memory
    does not involved conscious/intentional retrieval knowing how subsystems are procedural and classical conditioned responses
  • procedural memory
    memories of actions/procedures how to use chopsticks
  • hippocampus
    responsible for consolidation, encoding, retrieval of explicit LTM transfers memories to cerebral cortex for storage interacts with amygdala for formation of emotional memories plays a role in spatial learning
  • amygdala
    responsible for consolidation, retrieval of implicit memory like fear/aggression emotional memories like classical cont responses
  • neocortex
    involved in high order mental processes like language, attention, memory storage of explicit memories
  • cerebellum
    encoding, temporarily storing implicit memories related to motor skills
  • basal ganglia
    roles in learning, procedural memory, routine, behaviors, emotions responsible for forming/guiding habits
  • autobiographical memory
    consisting of episodes recollected from a persons life based on episodic+ semantic
  • episodic future thinking
    projecting yourself forward in time to pre-experience an event that might happen in your personal future
  • mental time travel
    capacity to mentally reconstruct past personal events and imagine possible future scenarios
  • amnesia
    loss of memory typically as result of organic cause
  • neurodegenerative diseases
    brain illnesses that destroy neurons and cause progress permanent changes in cognitive ability
  • alzheimers disease
    neurodegenerative disease characterised by progressive deterioration of brain neurons memory loss, decline in cognitive, social skills +personality changes
  • changes to the brain
    lesion= damaged or abnormal area of brain that appears like a scar amyloid plaques= sticky clusters of protein fragments that destroy synapses, neural impulse neurofibrillary tangles= abnormal build up of protein fibers within neuron brain lacks acetylcholine= neurons that produce this have died
  • brain atrophying
    neurons become damaged, brain tissues shrinks, eventually dies
  • aphantasia
    inability to visualise imagery may struggle with factual memory, remembering autobiographical events, dream less
  • mnemonic
    strategies or techniques implemented to consciously improve memory
  • mnemonics in written culture
    acronym= first letter of each item to be recalled is placed together to create word FACE acrostic= first letter of each item to be recalled becomes first letter of new word making a phrase Every good boy deserves fruit method of loci= converting items into mental images to then associate with locations to aid memory
  • mnemonics in oral cultures
    songlines= used in AA cultures that can be extended + built upon over times and are passed down from generations can be used for different themes like land or animals