soc cul 2

• Europe was changing from agriculture to factory production thus, violently changing people’s lives. THE TURMOIL OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• horrible working conditions, dangerous work, foul smoke and much noise. Life no longer looked the same, and tradition no longer sufficed. THE TURMOIL OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• the success of both revolutions led to people rethinking about their social life. New ideas arose such as individuals possessing inalienable rights. THE SUCCESS OF AMERICAN AND FRENCH REVOLUTION
• also stimulated the development of sociology. IMPERIALISM
• Europeans’ success in conquering many parts of the world with their new colonial empires stretching from Asia through the North America which ecposed them to radically different cultures. IMPERIALISM
• scientific method (using objective, systematic obersvations to test theories) was being tried out in physics and chemistry with many secrets that had been concealed in nature were uncovered. The result of scientific method was the birth of sociology. THE SUCCESS OF NATURAL SCIENCES
• Positivism (using scientific methods to reveal the laws by which societies and individuals interact. name and year? Auguste Comte
• -Political economy

  -first woman sociologist

  -Illustrations of Political Economy (1931) – educated people about principles of economics.

  -credited with the first systematic methodological international comparisons of social institutions. Harriet Martineau
• Social Conflict. karl marx
• German philosopher and economist. karl marx
• Communist Manifesto (1848) – looks at the society as a result f the struggles of different classes over the means of production. karl marx
• -The study of Sociology (1873)

  -favoured a form of government that allowed market forces to control capitalism. karl marx
• addressed topics such as social conflict, the function of money, individual identity in the city life, and the European fears of outsiders. George Simmel
• Social Facts (they determine whether the society is healthy or pathological). emile durkheim
• helped establish the first European department of Sociology at the University of Bordeaux in 1895. emile durkheim
• suicide is caused by socioreligious forces rather than t individual or psychological causes. emile durkheim
• • Social Self

  - The mind and self are developed as a result of social processes. How an individual views himself is based to a very large extent on interactions with others. George Herbert Mead
• Symbolic-intercationism and the micro-level approach. George Herbert Mead
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  • proposed antipositivism – social researchers would strive to subjectively repreent social processes, cultural norms, and social values. max weber
• Verstehen – to grasp by insight, to understand in a deeper way; understanding from the insider’s point of view. (max weber)
• Sociological Imagination –seeing the general in the particular and seeing the strange in the familiar. C. Wright Mills
• author fo the Power of  Elite. C. Wright Mills