Ac4.2 How social changes affect policy development

• Value

  General beliefs about how we should live our lives

  Different societies may have different values
• Norms

  • Specific rule or socially accepted standard on how to behave in specific situations
  • Informal or formal
• Mores

  • Essential norms that society sees as vital for maintaining standards of decency and civilised behaviour
• Why attitudes towards drink driving have changed

  • Illegal to drink drive since 1925 but there was no clear definition of what drunk meant
  • Used the sobriety test
  • Increase in people driving:
  • 1951= 15%
  • 1971=55%
  • And there was an increase in deaths
  • 1950- 5000
  • 1960- 8000
  • Increase in worry about drink driving
• How did this lead to the introduction of breathalysers?

  
  

  • Introduced in 1968
  • Reduced deaths by over 1,100 and serious injuries by over 11,000
  • Proportion of accidents where alcohol was involved fell from 25%->15%
• How has the law changed because of change in public perception of drink driving?

  • 1967- Road safety act- blood alcohol limit of 80 mg per 1000ml of blood
  • Tougher laws- penalty 6 months imprison, unlimited fine, driving ban for at least a year
  • Only 5% of road casualties involved alcohol
• Campaigns to drink driving

  • Attitudes have become more serious
  • Before they were glorified
  • Consequences shown a lot more in new campagains
• Demographic

  Who makes up the population eg gender, race, class etc
• How has the demographic in the UK changed since 1945?

  • During the 1950-60s, there was an increase in diversity in the UK due to non-white immigrants moving from former British colonies
  • Increase in immigration from Eastern Europe
• What led to a change in demographic in the uk?

  • Globalisation
  • Increased travel opportunities
  • The Windrush generation
• How have the windrush generation been met with discrimination?

  • Came from the west indies from 1948-1971
  • All common wealth became British citizens in 1948
  • Empire Windrush came over and they had the right to remain in the UK
  • Hadn't got any paper work to prove British citizen and so faced deportation because they had no job and no house
• How do Race Relations Acts aim to address the discrimination the wind rush generation faced?

  • 1965- banned racial discrimination in public places
  • 1968- outlawed discrimination in areas of housing, employment, and public services based on race
  • 1976- extensed law on discrimination to include direct and indirect
• Equality act (demographic) 2010- linked laws on discrimination based on race, sex and disability