Nazi Policies towards the Jews 1933-1937

• What were the Civil Service Laws of 1933 and what did they lead to? 

  It forced Jews to be dismissed from the Civil Service. It had a devastating economic impact on middle class Jews, leading 37,000 to leave Germany. 
• What did the Nazis impose against Jews on 1st April 1933? 

  A boycott of Jewish shops and businesses.  
• Did the boycott of Jewish shops go to plan? 

  No, most members of the public didn’t know what a ‘Jewish business’ was and some flagrantly disregarded the boycott and continued to use Jewish shops despite the SA presence. 
• How were Jewish professionals attacked in 1933? 

  Many Jewish lawyers, judges, doctors and university lecturers were subject to rough treatment by the SA. 
• When did it become illegal for a Jewish doctor to treat a non-Jew? 

  April 1933.  
• What legislation was passed regarding Jews in higher education? 

  The Law against Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities was passed in April 1933 to restrict the number of Jewish children attending schools and universities. 
• When were Jewish children ‘expelled’ from German schools? 

  1937. 
• What two ‘declarations’ did the Nuremburg laws 1935 introduced? 

  1. Jews were no longer German citizens- Citizenship Law
  2. Marriage and sexual relations between Aryan and non-Aryans persons were outlawed. - The Law for the protection of German blood and honour.
• What were Aryan women who were married to Jews forced to do? 

  They were pressured into leaving their husbands, those who remained in these relationships would be reported to the Gestapo. 
• What was a ‘full Jew’? 

  In November 1935,The First Supplementary Decree on the Reich Citizenship Law defined a ‘full Jew’ as someone who had three Jewish grandparents or 2 but married to a Jew. 
• What was a ‘Mischlinge’? 

  Meaning ‘crossbreed’ in German, referring to people with both Aryan and Jewish ancestry.  
• Why did anti-Semitic policy ‘quiet down’ in 1936? 

  The Berlin Olympic Games brought the international press and Hitler didn’t want to publicise his anti-Semitic policies.