Translation regulation

• RNA interference (RNAi)


  The process of regulating translation
• RNAi


  • Occurs in eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms
  • Involves targeting particular mRNA sequences to inhibit certain genes
• RNAi mechanism


  1. Transcribed mRNA is destroyed in the cytoplasm before it can be used to code for a polypeptide chain

  2. Double-stranded RNA is cut into small interfering RNA (siRNA) by enzymes

  3. siRNA becomes single-stranded and binds to RISC enzyme

  4. siRNA-enzyme complex binds complementary mRNA and cuts the target mRNA, preventing translation
• Transcription


  The process that results in the production of mRNA
• Translation


  The process where mRNA is used to code for a polypeptide chain
• Translational control


  The regulation of protein synthesis by preventing the mRNA from being translated
• RNAi disrupts and destroys the mRNA that has been transcribed, turning off the corresponding gene and preventing the polypeptide chain from being made