lesson 1

• Social issues


  • Challenges of the Philippine K to 12 Program
  • Popularity of President Mayor Digong Duterte
  • Unemployment in the Philippines despite rapid economic growth
  • Effects of Social media on the identities of teenagers
• Research


  Systematic inquiry that investigates hypotheses and/or assumptions, studies materials and sources, and suggests new interpretations of data or texts in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions
• Research


  • Asking a question that nobody has asked before
  • Doing the necessary work to find the answer
  • Communicating the knowledge you have acquired to a larger audience
• Research agenda


  A document containing a list of priority education research areas to guide DepEd and its stakeholders in the conduct of research
• DepEd Order No. 39, series of 2016 - Adoption of the Basic Education Research Agenda
• The Department's research thrusts are strategically geared towards supporting its mission "to protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality, equitable, culture-based, and complete basic education"
• Students learn in


  • Child-friendly
  • Gender-sensitive
  • Safe
  • Motivating environment
• Teachers


  • Facilitate learning
  • Constantly nurture every learner
• Administrators and staff


  • Ensure an enabling and supportive environment for effective learning to happen
• Family, community, and other stakeholders


  • Actively engaged
  • Share responsibility for developing lifelong learners
• Research Agenda


  1. Identifies research topics

  2. Fills in critical knowledge gaps

  3. Responds to pressing concerns in Philippine basic education

  4. Consistent with the Department's vision, mission, and target outcomes

  5. In line with local and international developments in the sector
• Research Agenda


  • Builds on gains from existing research
  • Generates new knowledge on less explored but priority fields of basic education
  • Systematically focuses DepEd's attention on relevant education issues
  • Maximizes available resources for research within and outside the Department
• Research Themes


  • Teaching and learning
  • Child protection
  • Human resource development
• Teaching and learning


  • Instruction
  • Curriculum
  • Learners
  • Assessment
  • Learning Outcomes
• Child protection


  • School Program
  • Bullying
  • Teenage Pregnancy
  • Child Abuse
  • Addiction
  • Media Consumption
• Human resource development


  • Teaching and non-teaching qualification and hiring
  • Career development
  • Employee welfare
• •Students

  learn in a child-friendly, gender-sensitive, safe, and motivating environment.

  •Teachers

  facilitate learning and constantly nurture every learner.

  •Administrators and staff, as

  stewards of the institution, ensure an enabling and supportive environment for effective learning to happen.

  •Family, community, and other stakeholders are

  actively engaged and share responsibility for developing lifelong learners.”
• RESEARCH AGENDA

  identifies research topics that will fill in critical knowledge gaps and respond to pressing concerns in Philippine basic education, consistent with the Department’s vision, mission, and target outcomes and in line with local and international developments in the sector. By articulating specific study areas, this document seeks to:
• RESEARCH AGENDA SEEKS TO:

  1.Build on gains from existing research

  2.Generate new knowledge on less explored but priority fields of basic education

  3.Systematically focus DepEd’s attention on relevant education issues

  4.Maximize available resources for research within and outside the Department.
• Theme 1: Teaching and learning

  Instruction

  Curriculum

  Learners

  Assessment

  Learning Outcomes

  Theme 2: child protection

  School Program

  Bullying

  Teenage Pregnancy

  Child Abuse

  Addiction

  Media Consumption

  Theme 3: Human resource development

  Teaching and non-teaching qualification and hiring

  Career development

  Employee welfare

  Theme 4: Governance

  Planning

  Finance

  Program Management

  Transparency and Accountability

  Evaluation

  Cross-cutting themes

  Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

  Gender and Development

  Inclusive Education
• Theme 4: Governance

  →Planning

  →Finance

  →Program Management

  →Transparency and Accountability

  →Evaluation

  Cross-cutting themes

  →Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

  →Gender and Development

  →Inclusive Education
• WRITING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL

  1. Introduction What is the inquiry about? What are its relevant bases?
  2. Literature Review/Background
  3. Research Questions
  4. Scope and Limitation
  5. Research Methodology (Sampling, Data Collection Procedure, Ethical Issues, Plan for Data Analysis)
  6. Time Table/Gantt Chart
  7. Cost Estimated
  8. Plans for Dissemination & Advocacy
  9. References
• Research inquiry

  Step 1: Dissecting the Research

  Step 2: Planning and Researching

  Step 2: Writing the RRL using CPEEC
• CPEEC

  Categorize

  Paraphrase

  Explain

  Exemplify

  Conclude
• Paraphrase

  •Classify first the researched information into similar ideas and dissimilar and/or opposing ideas.

  •Paraphrase each source.  Present ideas in their own words without including your own opinion only their understanding.
• Research process

  Phase 1: Choosing a research

  Phase 2: Conducting the research

  Phase 3: Writing the Research Paper

  Phase 4: Publishing the Research
• Phase 1: Choosing What to Research

  Choose a problem

  Review the literature

  Create the theoretical/conceptual framework

  State the research question or hypothesis

  Select the research approach or design

  Determine how the variables are going to be measured (for quantitative and mixed method)

  Select a sample

  Select a data collection method
• Phase 2: Conducting the Research

  1.Collect and code the data

   2.Analyze and interpret the data
• Writing the Research Paper

  Front Matters

  Title Page

  Approval Sheet

  Acknowledgement

  Abstract

  Table of Contents

  List of Tables and Figures
• Writing the Research Paper

  Body

  Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Setting/Background

  Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature and Studies

  Chapter 3: Research Methodology

  Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

  Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation
• Writing the Research Paper

  Back Matters

  Letters

  Appendices
• Qualitative Research

  1. Narrative
  2. Phenomenology
  3. Grounded Theory
  4. Ethnography
  5. Case Study
  6. Action Research
  7. Historical
• Narrative Approach

  A narrative is simply a description of a sequence of events. Writers may also employ narrative voices or techniques unintentionally, and so reading an argument as a narrative detective can offer new insights.
• Narrative Elements:

  1. Narrative arc

  It is the organizational structure that determines the sequential order of the argument.

  This may be determined in part by how you’ve chosen to answer your research question, and so bears thinking about early on in the research process.
• Grounded theory

  •It is an inductive form of qualitative research that was first introduced by Glaser and Strauss (1967).

  •It is a research approach in which the theory is developed from the data, rather than the other way around.

  •It is the systematic generation of theory from systematic research. 
• Grounded Theory:

  •It is a set of rigorous research procedures leading to the emergence of conceptual categories.  These concepts/categories are related to each other as a theoretical explanation of the action(s) that continually resolves the main concern of the participants in a substantive area. ••Grounded Theory can be used with either qualitative or quantitative data.
• Grounded Theory

  Purpose: Grounded theory method is a systematic generation of theory from data that contains both inductive and deductive thinking.

  Method: Data collection and analysis are consciously combined, and initial data analysis is used to shape continuing data collection.

  Fit

  Relevance

  Workability

  Modifiability
• Grounded Theory Procedure

  1.Preparation

  2.Data Collection

  3.Analysis

  a.Substantive Coding

  b.Open Coding

  c.Selective Coding

  d.Theoretical Coding

  4.Memoing

  5.Sorting and Theoretical Outline
• Grounded Theory:

  •Sources of Data:

  Single source of data collected from multiple perspectives.

  ••Outcomes: A theory supported by examples from data.
• Assumptions of qualitative sampling

  Social actors are not predictable like objects.

  Randomized events are irrelevant to social life.

  Probability sampling is expensive & inefficient.

  Non-probability sampling is the best approach.