New Ch 18

• fibrinogen - plasma protein
• Erythrocytes Function to:

  • Carry oxygen from lungs to tissue
  • Pick up carbon dioxide from tissues and to the lung.
• Hemoglobin is made up of the protein globin.
• Each hemoglobin can bind up to 4 molecules of oxygen.
• Liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded and suspended by blood plasma?

  Blood
• Watery liquid that contains dissolved substances?

  Blood plasma
• cells and cell fragments suspended in blood plasma?

  Formed elements
• remaining fluid when blood clots and solids are removed, identical to plasma except for the absents of fibrinogen?

  Serum
• Small, but most numerous, and contribute to viscosity and osmolarity?

  Albumins
• Antibodies that provide immune system functions, including alpha, beta, and gamma globulins?

  Globulins
• Precursor of fibrin threads that help form blood clots?

  Fibrinogen
• plasma proteins are formed by the liver.
• Blood types and transfusion compatibility are a defined by the interactions between antibodies in blood plasma and antigens on erythrocytes.
• the term for antigens on the surface of the RBC and are basis for blood typing?

  Agglutinogen
• ABO blood type is determined by presence or absence go A and/or B antigens on RBCs.
• Blood type A has what type of antigens?

  A
• Blood type B has what type of antigens?

  B
• Blood type AB has what type of antigens?

  A and B
• Blood type O has what type of antigens?

  Neither
• What is the most common blood type?

  O
• What is the rarest blood type?

  AB
• Antibody-A or Antibody-B are found in plasma.
• Blood type A has what type of antibodies?

  B
• Blood type B has what type of antibodies?

  A
• Blood type O has what type of antibodies?

  Both A and B
• Blood type AB has what type of antibodies?

  neither
• Antibody molecule binding to antigens and causes clumping of red blood cells?

  Agglutination
• Each antibody can attach to several foreign antigens on several different RBCs at the same time, which makes it responsible for mismatched Transfusion Reaction.
• WBCs with granules is called?

  Granulocytes
• increased numbers in parasitic infections, that perform phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes, allergens, and inflammatory chemicals?

  Eosinophils
• Secretes histamine and heparin that increases the flow of blood to an injured area, and promotes the mobility of other WBCs in the area?

  Basophils
• Do not contain visible granules?

  Agranulocytes
• increased numbers in diverse infections and immune responses, destroy cells and present antigens to activate other immune cell, and coordinate actions of other immune cells, and secrete antibodies and provide immune memory?

  Lymphocytes
• Increased numbers in viral infections and inflammation, leave the bloodstream and transform into macrophages that phagocytize pathogens and debris?

  Monocytes
• Low WBC count is called?

  Leukopenia
• Hight WBC count is called?

  Leukocytosis
• identifies what % of the total WBC count consist of each type of leukocyte?

  Differential count
• cancer of hemopoietic tissue usually producing a very high number of circulating leukocytes?

  Leukemia
• Live in bone marrow adjacent to blood sinusoids?

  Megakaryocytes
• Long tendrils of cytoplasm protrude into the blood sinusoids: blood flow splits off fragments called?

  platelets