B2-Organisation

Cards (106)

  • large multicellur organisms (humans) are made up of organ systems
  • the process in which cells become specialised for a particular job is called differentiation
  • differentiation occurs during the development of cells
  • specialised cells form tissues which form organs which form organ systems
  • muscular tissue contracts to move whatever its attached to
  • glandular tissues which makes and secretes chemicals like enzymes and hormones
  • epithelial tissue which covers some parts of the body like inside the gut
  • muscular tissue moves the stomach wall to churn up food
  • glandular tissue makes digestive juices to digest food
  • epithelial tissue covers inside and outside the stomach
  • glands e.g pancreas and salivary glands produce digestive juices
  • stomach and small intestine digest food
  • liver produces bile
  • small intestine absorbs soluble food molecules
  • large intestine absorbs water from undigested food leaving faeces
  • enzymes are catalyst produced by living things
  • you can make a reaction happen more quickly by raising the temperature but also unwanted ones too however enzymes act as a biological catalyst reducing high temperatures
  • a catalyst is a substance that increases the speed of the reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction
  • enzymes are large proteins and all proteins are made up of chains of amino acids
  • enzymes need the right PH and temperature
  • enzymes are the most active at the optimum temp
  • lock and key
    A) active site
    B) unchanged
  • in enzymes if the temp gets to hot some bonds can break
  • if PH isn`t correct bonds can break and cause enzymes to change shape
  • enzymes have an optimum PH its often 7
  • required pratical 1
    A) amylase
    B) iodine solution
    C) browny orange
    D) amylase solution
    E) starch solution
  • rate = 1000 / time
  • digestive molecules break down big molecules
  • starch, proteins and fats are too big to pass through the wall of the digestive system
  • digestive system breaks down big molecules like fats and starch into small ones like sugars
  • small soluble molecules can easily pass through the walls of the digestive system into the blood stream
  • carbohydrase converts carbohydrates into into simple sugars
  • proteases coverts proteins into amino acids
  • lipases covert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
  • bile neutralises the stomach acid and emulsifies fats
  • bile is stored in the gall bladder
  • bile is alkaline and neutralises hydrochloric acid in the stomach which is acidic
  • bile breaks down fats into tiny droplets
  • enzymes
    A) salivary glands
    B) pancreas
    C) small intestine
    D) amino acids
    E) glycerol and fatty acids
  • digestive systsem
    A) stomach
    B) salivary glands
    C) gullet
    D) liver
    E) gall bladder
    F) large intestine
    G) pancrease
    H) small intestine
    I) rectum