ICTE

• Software


  A set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function
• Program


  A sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem
• Types of software

  • System Software
  • Application Software
• System Software


  • A collection of programs designed to operate, control, and extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself
• Operating System


  A set of programs that coordinate all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware
• Booting


  The process of starting or restarting a computer
• Types of booting

  • Cold boot
  • Warm boot
• Cold boot


  Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely
• Warm boot


  Using the operating system to restart a computer
• OS Power Options

  • Sleep mode
  • Hibernate mode
• Sleep mode


  Saves any open documents running programs or apps to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state
• Hibernate mode


  Saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device
• User Interface (UI)


  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • Command-line Interface
• Graphical User Interface (GUI)


  You interact with menus and visual images
• Command-line Interface


  A user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
• Multitasking Environments

  • Single tasking
  • Multitasking
• Single tasking


  Allows a single user to perform only one task at a time
• Multitasking


  Allows a single user to perform more than one task at a time
• Multitasking Priorities

  • Foreground
  • Background
• Foreground


  Contains the applications the user is working on
• Background


  Contains the applications that are behind the scenes, such as certain operating system functions, printing a document or accessing the network
• User Environments

  • Single user
  • Multiuser
• Single-User Operating System


  A system in which only one user can access the computer system at a time
• Multi-User Operating System


  A system that allows more than one user to access a computer system at one time
• Memory management


  Optimizes the use of the computer or device's internal memory
• Virtual memory


  A portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
• Driver


  A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device
• Plug and Play


  Automatically configures new devices as you install or connect them
• Performance monitor


  A program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
• Connectivity


  Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections
• User management

  • User account
  • User name/User ID
  • Password
• User account


  Enables a use to sign in to, or access resources on, a network or computer
• User name/User ID


  Identifies a specific user
• Password


  A private combination of characters associated with the user name
• Types of Operating Systems


  • Desktop OS
  • Server OS
  • Mobile OS
• Desktop OS


  A complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
• Windows 10


  Meant to unify desktop PC's, Windows tablets, and Windows smart Phones with one interface, one way of operating and one account
• Examples of Operating Systems

  • Macintosh
  • UNIX; Linux
  • Chrome OS
  • Android
  • iOS
  • Windows Phone
• Utility program


  A type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks
• Examples of Utility Programs

  • File manager
  • Search utility
  • Uninstaller
  • Image viewer
  • Disk cleanup utility
  • Disk defragmenter
  • Backup utility
  • Restore utility
  • Screen saver
  • Personal firewall
  • Antivirus program
  • Filters
  • Media player