Trade Unions and BCM grew in power during the 1970s, also: Soweto population 800,000-1.5 million (half under 20), many had been moved from Sophiatown and commuted daily to Johannesburg (4 hours each way)
Overcrowded living conditions: cardboard houses, poor water supply, sanitation, only single-sex hostels for migrant workers with few amenities and high rates of alcoholism/violence (12 killed weekly)
1976; Government order some lessons only taught in Afrikaans, only useful for taking jobs taking Afrikaans orders, also the average spending on white students: 644, compared to 42 on black children
There was fear of being forced to live in the Bantustans, they had new local governments established to maintain white power which meant blacks had to pay for local services (roads and schools)
School Protest in June 1976 against Apartheid's unfair educational system, which initially only provided education up to primary schools, but industry developed higher education standards in 1970s; and soweto had 60–100 per class
Black children in school rose from 1 million in 1950 to 3.5 million in 1975 (only 8% secondary education), Secondary education was in high demand, but poor quality, with poor teacher training, and poor pay
Inspired by the BCM and Steve Biko, as well as the Black Independence Movements, which threw out the Portuguese colonial rulers of Mozambique and Angola in 1975
Black pupils boycotted exes and organized protest marches; the police opened fire, riots ensued, schools burned down, leading to Hector Petersen's (13-year-old) death
Blame placed on communist troublemakers, and riots spread to other towns - and police violence increased, resulting in more student deaths
