UCSP

• Anthropology


  Study of humankind, including human origin, globalization, social change, and world history
• Franz Boas


  • Father of Modern Anthropology
• Goals of Anthropology

  • Discover what makes people different from one another in order to understand and preserve diversity
  • Discover what all people have in common
  • Look at one's own culture more objectively like an outsider
  • Produce new knowledge and new theories about humankind and human behavior
• Cultural Anthropology


  Study of living people and their cultures, social lives of past and present ages
• Linguistic Anthropology


  Study of communication
• Archaeology


  Study of past human culture, recovery and analysis of artifacts
• Biological Anthropology


  Also known as "Physical Anthropology", study of humans as biological organisms, evolution and contemporary variation
• Anthropological Perspectives


  • Unilineal Evolutionism
  • Cultural Diffusionism
  • Historical Particularism
  • Anthropological Functionalism
  • Anthropological Structuralism
  • Cultural Materialism
• Unilineal Evolutionism


  New cultural forms emerge from the past that pass through similar stages of development, e.g. from Animism to Monotheism
• Cultural Diffusionism


  Culture originates from one or more culture centers, borrowed element of the new culture, e.g. Western civilization in Filipino Culture
• Historical Particularism


  Each group has its own unique culture influenced by its history, geography, and environment, e.g. Filipinos are influenced by superstitious beliefs
• Anthropological Functionalism


  Cultural elements and practices are interrelated and interdependent and persist because they have a purpose, e.g. Filipinos' actions are influenced by their religion
• Anthropological Structuralism


  Cultural phenomena and practices have a relationship to one another by which humans organize and structure their experiences, e.g. Father and Son
• Cultural Materialism


  Culture is influenced by technology, resources, economic values, and the utilization of things, e.g. Pork is prohibited in the Muslim diet
• Sociology


  Study of human civilization, derived from Latin word "socius" meaning "associate" and Greek word "logos" meaning "study of knowledge", study of groups and societies
• August Comte


  • Father of Sociology
• Branches of Sociology


  • Social organization
  • Social Psychology
  • Applied Sociology
  • Population studies
  • Human Ecology
  • Sociological Theory and Research
  • Social Change
• Social organization


  Study of social institutions, social inequality, social mobility religious groups, and bureaucracy
• Social Psychology


  Study of human nature and its emphasis on social processes as they affect individual or responses which are called "social stimuli"
• Applied Sociology


  Practical application for human behavior and organizations, assist in resolving social problems
• Population studies


  Includes size, growth, demographic, characteristics, composition, migration, changes, and quality economic, political, and social systems
• Human Ecology


  Study of the effects of various social organizations to the population's behavior
• Sociological Theory and Research

  Discovery of theoretical tools, methods, and techniques to scientifically explain a particular sociological issue
• Social Change


  Studies factors that cause social organization and social disorganization like calamity, drug abuse, unemployment, etc.
• Sociological Perspectives


  • Functionalism
  • Conflict perspective
  • Symbolic Interactionalism
  • Evolutionism
• Functionalism


  Views society as an organized network cooperating orderly to generally accepted norms
• Conflict perspective


  Sees the social continuous struggle which is in contrast with Functionalism
• Symbolic Interactionalism


  Deals with patterns of behavior in large units of society such as organization, communities, etc.
• Evolutionism


  Explains how human groups came to exist, grow, and develop
• Society


  Derived from Latin word 'societas' which means 'companion' or 'associate', population of people that is organized in a cooperative manner to carry out the major function of life
• Anthropological perspective on society


  Perceives society as a group of people sharing a common culture within a territory
• Sociological perspective on society

  Views society as an association organized by men with a territory
• Culture


  Encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, and everything a person learns and shares as a member of society
• Edward B. Taylor


  • First to coin the term 'culture'
• Anthropological perspective on culture


  A unique character of every human society which includes how we think, act, and what we own
• Sociological perspective on culture


  Imprint made by people
• Orientations in viewing other cultures

  • Cultural relativism
  • Ethnocentrism
  • Xenocentrism
• Cultural relativism


  Culture only has meaning when taken into context, it is wrong to compare, apply, or judge one's own culture
• Ethnocentrism


  Perception of one's own culture as superior to other cultures
• Xenocentrism


  Perception of one's own culture as inferior compared to other cultures