MIDTERMS

• Fingerprinting


  The process of recording fingerprint through the use of fingerprint ink
• Rolled Impressions


  Requires the fingers rolled from nail to nail to record the entire pattern
• Plain impression


  Simultaneously printing the four fingers then the thumb
• Purpose of plain impression

  To verify the sequence and the accuracy of the rolled prints
• Fingerprint roller


  6x2 inch roller used to spread the fingerprint ink
• Fingerprint ink


  A liquid agent black as coal, smooth as silk quick to dry medium in recording fingerprints on a card
• Fingerprint card holder


  Used to clip the fingerprint card to avoid the movement of the card during printing
• Glass Slab or Inking Plate


  4x10 equipment with a flat surface which is used to prepare ink mix to rollers
• Fingerprint Card


  6x8 paper card used in printing rolled and plain fingerprint impressions of a subject
• Type lines


  Two innermost ridges that start or go parallel, diverge, and surround or tent to surround the pattern area
• Ridge dot (island)


  Refers to a ridge that form a dot or period
• Bifurcation


  A ridge formation in which a single ridge splits or divides into two ridges
• Trifurcation


  Single ridge lines that splits into 3
• Converging ridge


  Two ridges that meet at a certain point
• Divering ridge


  Ridges that spread apart
• Recurving ridge


  A single ridge that curves back to the direction it came from
• Sufficient ridge


  A recurving ridge which is complete and free from any appendage
• Appendage


  A short ridge found at the summit or top of a recurve
• Rod or bar


  A short or long ridge inside the recurve directed towards the core
• Obstruction ridge


  Is a short ridge found inside the recurve which blocks the inner line flow towards the core
• When the subject is illiterate, the IOC or any of the subject's nearest kin should fill out the information on the FP card
• If the subject is illiterate, the notation 'illiterate' should be placed in the signature box on the FP or remarks
• If the subject's D.O.B is unknown, the IOC should refer to the nearest kin and if not, estimate the age e.g. 18-25 years old
• If the subject refuses to give information, the IOC shall place a notation that the subject refuses to give information
• If the subject's fingers have fresh cut wounds or bandage which will prevent the recording, the IOC shall note in the corresponding space on the card (fresh cut, bandaged finger) and when the wound has healed, retake another set of FP
• If the hands of the subject is perspiring excessively, wipe the fingers before inking, and if perspiration still cannot be controlled, wipe with alcohol
• If the fingers of the subject are dry, rub the fingers with oil, cream, or lotion
• If one or more fingers is lacking or missing, record the present fingers and place the notation on the corresponding space on the card e.g. missing at birth, amputated at first joint
• If the subject has more than 10 fingers, record the thumbs and the next four fingers, for the extra fingers, only record if fully developed on an extra FP card with a notation as to where it appears
• If the subject has a split thumb having two nails or the subject has two or more fingers making it impossible to roll such fingers on its side, print the usual manner just like any normal and make a notation on the back of the card for identifying mark
• If the print is not properly rolled, cover the wrong print using the correction paper, use the correction paper up to two times only
• Pattern area


  A part of loop or whorl which appear the cores, deltas, and rides with which we are concerned in classifying
• Whorl and loops only have a pattern area
• Typelines are not always two continuous ridges, but are often broken. When there is a definite break in a typeline, the ridge immediately outside of it is considered as its continuation
• Sometimes typelines may be very short
• Innermost ridges


  When the forks run parallel after bifurcating and then diverged, the two forks become the two innermost ridges
• Angles cannot be considered for type lines
• Delta


  The point on a ridge at or in front of and nearest center divergence of the type lines
• Types of delta

  • Bifurcation
  • Ending ridge
  • Short ridge
  • Recurving ridge
  • A meeting of two ridges
• The delta must be the first ridge or part of a ridge nearest the point of divergence of the two typelines