C4-6 | Sust. Tour.

• Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of people that may visit a tourist destination at the same time, without causing destruction of the physical, economic, and socio-cultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors’ satisfaction.
• The three types of carrying capacity are environmental, physical, perceptual or psychological
• Tourism Carrying Capacity is the description of how the destination under study works in terms of the macro-environmental forces
• Tourism Carrying Capacity also refers to the evaluation of how an area should be managed and the level of acceptable impacts
• Zoning is applied mainly in protected areas.
• Zone A is used for most valuable and vulnerable zone
• Zone B is used for highly sensitive zones
• Zone C is used in considerable natural interests
• Zone D is used in areas with mild development and buffer
• Control point is where tourists can wait before proceeding to their rooms or activities
• a buffer zone slows down the

  tourists before proceeding to the protected area
• Recreation Opportunity Spectrum is a range of recreational activities that can be done in recreation setting.
• Limits of Acceptable Change is an alternative to tourism carrying capacity.
• Measures of Success applies the concept of adaptive management and integrates monitoring into the project cycle.
• Threat Reduction Assessments identifies and monitors threats to assess the degree to which project activities are reducing threats and achieving success.
• Zoning refers to assigning or restricting certain activities to specific areas.
• interpretation centers, washroom facilities, hotels, cabins and campground, restaurants, parking lots, trailheads, etc. are examples of Tourism infrastructures
• In handling congestions, Additional Capacity focuses on creating more capacity in the system.
• In handling congestion, Electronic Systems often referred to as “intelligent” system or intelligent

  transportation system; these solutions include systems that collect information
• In handling congestion, Public Transportation is putting people on a higher-capacity vehicle to get them to a destination(s).
• In handling congestion, Traffic Operational Movement is a static signage that improve “wayfinding”

  so that visitors find their destination more quickly
• In handling congestion, Visitor Demand Management influences the choices that visitors make about how, when, where, whether, and which way they travel to their destination
• In law enforcements, Soft enforcement includes facility design and signage or the visibility of a security officer.
• In law enforcement, Hard enforcement includes issuance of citations, fines, and arrests.
• Global Code of Ethics for Tourism is a comprehensive set of principles designed to guide key-players in tourism development.
• Global Code of Ethics for Tourism sets a frame of reference for the responsible and sustainable development of world tourism.
• Bottleneck is a place or stage in a process at which progress is impeded.
• An attraction is any object, person, place, or concept that draws people either geographically or through remote electronic means so that they might have an experience.
• Geophysical-Landscape-Aesthetic. Includes mountains, gorges, big rocks, rock formations, caves, rivers, water bodies, scenic views, overlooks of forests, unusual cloud formations, unusual meteorological conditions, thermal waters, volcanic activity, or even unusual celestial events
• Ecological-Biological. Includes any and all organisms, their parts, their behaviors, aggregations, or associations in communities with other organisms.
• Cultural-Historical. Includes all human constructions, practices, and remains (archaeological). It includes all manifestations of human evolution and cultural expression.
• Recreational. Are all attractions built by humans for the specific purpose of entertainment or education.
• Access is essential to the exploitation of the attraction.
• Activity. Every visitor experiences an attraction, but how they experience depends on the activity they select.
• Services. Are all those functions that a visitor might or might not be able to do for him or herself but in all cases chooses someone else to do it for them.
• Qualified Personnel. Service provision, in turn, requires that someone qualified provide that service
• A tourism product must also include promotions, even if that is “only” word-of-mouth.
• no product can provide an experience, only an opportunity to have an experience.
• Destination Management involves the management of all aspects of a destination that contribute to a visitor’s experience, including the perspectives, needs and expectations of visitors, tourism industry, wider businesses, local residents, central & local government.
• The Destination Management Organization is a public utility association that performs the destination development policy, including the destination marketing policy and the coordinated management of the destination components.