Drrr

• Hydro-meteorological Hazards are dangers

  associated with the natural processes or phenomena

  involved in the transfer of water and energy between

  the land surface and the lower atmosphere.
• The examples of hydro-meteriological hazards are

  typhoons, thunderstorms, flash floods, floods, storm

  surges, tornadoes, El Niño and La Niña.
• Typhoons or bagyo - are intense circulating

  winds with heavy rain over tropical waters and land.
• Typhoons are actually tropical cyclones whose winds

  have reached more than 118 kilometers per hour,

  which is why it is described as “intense.”
• PAGASA - Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical

  and Astronomical Services Administration
• Thunderstorm - also known as electrical

  storm, is a storm characterized by heavy rain with the

  presence of thunder and lightning.
• Flood - is the presence of excessive water on

  a supposedly dry land. It can be caused by continuous

  heavy rain or poor drainage.
• Flash flood - is a rapid flow of water on

  saturated soil or dry soil or any foundation that has

  poor absorption capability.
• Storm surge - is an abnormal rise in coastal

  waters due to massive force from the sea or from the

  air above the sea.
• Tornado - a rapidly rotating column of air

  that is in contact with the air and land. Its rotational

  movement is so violent that it can pick up objects from

  the ground and sling them away at far places.
• El Niño phenomenon refers to the large-

  scale warming of the ocean and atmosphere across

  the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific.
• La Niña begins in the eastern part of the Pacific

  Ocean, much similar to the location of El Niño. The sea

  surface temperatures during this period become lower

  by 3 – 5 degrees Celsius.
• Thermometer — measures the extent of a given

  substance's hotness or coldness. Mercury is one of the

  liquids which is overly sensitive to temperature

  changes.
• Thermograph —This tool

  records air temperature

  continuously on graphing

  paper during a period in a

  given area.
• Mercurial Barometer — In a mercurial

  barometer, the atmospheric pressure

  balances the mercury column, the height of

  which can be measured precisely.
• Aneroid Barometer — A sealed box (blue,

  sometimes called an aneroid cell) is built around an aneroid barometer, which expands or contracts with

  increasing pressure.
• Barograph — A

  barograph is a

  recording barometer.

  A barograph is a

  barometer that

  records the

  barometric pressure

  over time in the form

  of a graph.
• Sling Psychometer — A dry

  and wet-bulb thermometer is

  made of the sling psychrometer.

  The term bulb refers to the

  portion of the glass tube that

  contains mercury.
• Hygrometer —This

  system uses an organic

  material (normally human

  hair) that expands and

  contracts as a result of the

  humidity around.
• 8-inch Rain Gauge — The so-

  called, because the collector's

  inner diameter is exactly 8 inches

  above a funnel which leads rain

  into a cylindrical measuring tube

  or receiver. The collector's

  volume is 10 times that of the

  measuring tube.
• Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge — By capturing a

  small volume of water in one of two small buckets, the

  tipping bucket gauges act. Once the rain is caught, the

  tips of the bucket are empty.
• • a branch of science that deals with the basic principles that govern the behavior of the Universe.
• Universe

  • All of space and its contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy. 
• Energy

  • Something possessed by objects that move or have the ability to move.
• Classical Physics

  • Physics before the 20th century
• 1. Newtonian Mechanics

  • motion of macroscopic objects
• 1. Thermodynamics

  • motion of atoms and molecules
• 1. Electromagnetism

  • motion of electric charges
• Modern Physics

  • 20th century Physics and beyond
• 1. Relativistic Mechanics

  • motion of very fast-moving objects/very massive objects
• 1. Quantum Mechanics

  • motion of subatomic particles
• gravity - Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation - General Theory of Relativity
• galaxy - Hubble’s Law - Big Bang Theory