viral exanthem

• Capsid

  The external protein coat or covering of a virion
• Capsomeres

  The individual protein subunits that make up the capsid of some virions
• Envelope

  An extra layer outside of the capsule of some viruses
• Measles/Rubeola

  • Fever, conjunctivitis, cough, light sensitivity, koplik spots in the mouth and red blotchy skin rash
• Measles virus


  Also known as "rubeola virus". It is an RNA virus in the Paramyxoviridae family
• German Measles (Rubella)


  • A mild, febrile viral disease. 1 or 2 days following the start of symptoms, a fine, pinkish, flat rash appears
• Rubella


  The pathogen that causes German Measles
• Roseola Infantum


  • Manifest as sudden onset high-grade fever followed by generalized rash that lasts for 2 days
• Roseola Infantum

  6th disease caused by Human Herpes virus 6
• Erythema Infectiosum

  • A common childhood infection causing slapped cheek appearance and a rash
• Erythema Infectiosum

  Also known as 5th disease, caused by human parvovirus B19
• Chickenpox

  • Caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), also known as varicella. Acute generalized viral infection, w/ fever and a rash. Vesicles also form in mucous membrane; mild, self-limiting; can be severely damaging to a fetus; serious complications may lead to pneumonia, secondary bacterial infections, hemorrhagic complications, and encephalitis
• Shingles


  Also known as herpes zoster, reactivation of the varicella virus; result of immunosuppression; involves inflammation of sensory ganglia of cutaneous sensory nerves; producing fluid-filled blisters, pain, and paresthesia (numbness & tingling)
• Smallpox

  • Fever, malaise, headache, prostration, severe backache and a distinctive skin rash
• Smallpox

  Caused by 2 strain of variola virus; variola minor (fatality of 1%) and variola major
• Types of warts

  • Common warts (verrucae vulgaris)
  • Venereal warts
  • Plantar warts
• Warts

  Most are harmless but can become cancerous, caused by 70 types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in the family of papovaviridae
• Cold sores (fever blisters, herpes labialis)

  • A superficial clear vesicles on an erythematous (reddened) base; may appear on the face or lips; crust and heal within a few days. Can be severe and extensive in immunosuppressed individuals
• Cold sores

  Usually caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1 / known as humanherpesvirus1), although they can also be caused by herpes simplex virus type2 (HSV-2/human herpesvirus2). They are DNA viruses belonging to Herpesviridae family
• Hand-foot-mouth Disease (HFMD)


  • A mild, contagious viral infection common in young children. Symptoms include fever, body aches, sores in the mouth and a rash on the hands and feet
• Hand-foot-mouth Disease (HFMD)

  Most commonly caused by a coxsackievirus A16, but coxsackievirus A6 can also cause HFMD and the symptoms may be more severe. It spreads from person to person by direct contact with nasal discharge, saliva, and fluid from the rash of an infected person, contact with contaminated surfaces & objects