DRRR EARTHQUAKE HAZARD

• Tectonic earthquakes


  Those generated by the sudden displacement along faults in the solid and rigid layer of the earth
• Volcanic earthquakes


  Earthquakes induced by rising lava or magma beneath active volcanoes
• The Philippines is a disaster risk epicenter located in the Pacific Ring of Fire

  
• The Philippines experiences an average of 5 earthquakes a day of magnitude 4 or greater since 1907

  
• Fault movement


  • Can have vertical and horizontal components, ranging from less than 0.5 meters to as big as 6 meters

  
• Strong ground shaking


  Can cause minor damages to buildings and collapse of structures
• Most parts of the Philippines will experience shaking at different degrees depending on earthquake magnitude, distance from fault, and local subsurface conditions

  
• Sediment body unable to hold heavy load

  Causes sinking or tilting of structures
• Landslides


  • Prone to occur on loose thin soil covering on steep mountain slopes, especially when shaken during an earthquake
• Recent tsunami events


  • August 1976 Moro Gulf Earthquake and Tsunami
  • November 1994 Oriental Mindoro Earthquake and Tsunami
  • December 2004 Banda Aceh Earthquake (Indonesia)
  • March 2011 Eastern Japan

  
• Notable Earthquake Records in the Philippines

  • 16 July 1990 Luzon Earthquake
  • 1976 Moro Gulf Earthquake
  • 2013 Bohol Earthquake
  • 2012 Negros Earthquake
  • E Samar Earthquake

  
• Notable International Earthquake Records

  • 2010 Chile Earthquake
  • 2011 March Eastern Japan Earthquake
  • 2004 Banda Aceh, Indonesia Earthquake
  • 2015 Nepal earthquake
  • Several China earthquakes

  
• Phases of Earthquake Drill

  1. Alarm

  2. Response

  3. Evacuation

  4. Assembly

  5. Head Count

  6. Evaluation
• In times of disaster and calamity, the prepared is the hero
• Taiwan Earthquake (M 6.5)

  • Result of reverse faulting near boundary of Eurasia and Philippine Sea plates
  • Aftershock of M 6.5 occurred 13 minutes later
  • Occurred in tectonic transition zone from eastward to westward subduction
  • Typical size is about 60 by 35 km
  • Over 50 years, six other M7+ earthquakes have occurred within 250 km
  • M 7.7 Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999 caused 2,297 fatalities and $14 billion damage
  • M 8.2 earthquake in 1920 potentially associated with subduction zone interface

  
• Latest update on Taiwan earthquake: At least 9 killed, over 900 injured, over 100 people trapped, nearly 1,000 tourists and staff stranded, tsunami warnings issued in Japan and Philippines