GENSOC MIDTERM

• Gender socialization is the process by which we learn our culture's gender related rules, norms, and expectations. Through this, children begin to develop their own beliefs about gender and ultimately form their own gender identity.
• Agent of gender socialization

  
  

  • Parent/Family
  • Teachers/school
  • Peers
  • Media
  • Church/Religion
• Parents are typically a child's first source of information about gender. Starting at birth, parents communicate different expectations to their children depending on their sex.
• Teachers and school administrators model gender roles and sometimes demonstrate gender stereotypes by responding to male and female students in different ways.
• Peer interactions also contributes to gender socialization. Children tend to play with same gender peers. Through these interactions, they learn what their constituents expect of them as boys and girls.
• Media conveys information about the role of gender in people's live and can reinforce gender stereotypes. It teaches children about what it means to be a boy or a girl.
• Racial profiling

  one of the more common stereotype example are stereotypes surrounding race.
• Gender Profiling

  common stereotype of mean and women

  ex. men are strong and do all the work

  girls are not good at sports
• Cultures

  Stereotypes also exist about cultures and countries as a whole.

  ex. All arabs and muslims are terrorists.
• Group of individuals.

  ex.

  all politicians are philanders and think only of personal gain and benefits

  all teenagers are rebels
• Sexual Stereotypes

  suggest that any feminine man is a gay and any masculine woman is a lesbian
• Structural functionalism theory

  • viewing the family as the most integral component of society, assumptions about gender roles within marriage assume a prominent place in this perspective.
  • men typically took care of responsibilities outside of the home, such as hunting, and women typically took care of the domestic responsibilities in or around the home.
• Conflict Theory

  • Society is a struggle for dominance among social groups (like women versus men) that compete for scarce resources.
  • We can view men as the dominant group and women as the subordinate groups.
• Symbolic interactionism theory

  • understand human behavior by analyzing the critical role of symbols in human interactions.
  • discussion of masculinity and femininity.
  • meanings attached to symbols are socially created and not natural.
  • femininity: affectionate, appreciative, emotional, friendly, symphatetic, etc.
  • masculinity: dominant, achievement oriented, active, ambitious, forceful, self confident, tough, etc.
• Family structure is a a family support system involving two married individuals providing care and stability for their biological offspring.
• Nuclear Family

  This refers to a family consisting of a husband and wife plus their children.
• Extended Family

  This refers to a family consisting of several generations of blood relatives. A family consisting of parents and children, along with either grandparents, grandchildren, aunts or uncles, cousins etc.
• Joint Family

  This refers to married children with their spouses and children living in one residence.
• The household may consist of one individual or a hundred individuals.
• Truncated Family

  This is not a common form of family. This refers to the grandparentgrandchildren relationship.
• Stem Family

  This refers to a family formed by two families- the family orientation and the family of procreation. It is similar to the extended family. The families do not share a common residence but their houses may be located in the same area.
• SOGIE - Sexual Orientation Gender Identity and Expression
• June 30, 2016 - Date “Protection Against Violence and Discrimination among SOGIE”
• PH - House Bill No. 4982

  “An Act Prohibiting Discrimination on the Basis of Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity or Expression (SOGIE) and Providing Penalties Thereof
• The SOGIE Equality Bill recognizes that inequalities stemming from prejudice and discrimination exist for everyone, and disproportionately affect LGBTQIA+ individuals.
• SOGIE - Is not only intended for LGBTQ+ people but for each individual . It covers a spectrum of sexuality and orientation for each human being.
• Sex is biologically determined. It is “the physical structure of one’s reproductive organs that is used to assign sex at birth.”
• Sex characteristics

  • Refers to a person’s inner and outer sex and reproductive characteristics such as genitals, chromosomal and hormonal structure, and other characteristics emerging from puberty.
• Male - A person born with XY chromosomes and has male reproductive and sex organs
• Female - A person born with XX chromosomes and has female reproductive and sex organs
• Intersex

  A general term used for a variety of conditions in which a person is born with a reproduction and sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit the definitions of male and female
• An individual may be born with two genitals (usually one or both do not fully developed). This biological condition is called INTERSEX.
• Intersex people are born with sex characteristics (including genitals, gonads and chromosome patterns) that do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies.
• SEXUAL ORIENTATION - Refers to each person’s capacity for profound emotional, affectional and sexual attraction to, and intimate and sexual relations with individuals of a different gender or the same gender or more than one gender.
• It is the expression of desire/ attraction is your SEXUAL ORIENTATION.
• Homosexual – it refers to a person who is emotionally, physically, and sexually attracted to those of the same sex/gender.
• Bisexual – it refers to a person who is emotionally, physically , and sexually attracted to the same and/ or opposite sex/ gender.
• Asexual – it refers to a person who is not

  physically and sexually attracted to anyone but has the same emotional needs as everybody.
• Heterosexual – it refers to a person who is emotionally, physically, and sexually attracted to those of the opposite sex.
• Gender - socially constructed roles and relationships, personality traits, attitudes, behaviors, values, relative power and influence that society ascribes to the two sexes on a differential basis.