English: Outlining

• An outline is simply a framework for presenting the main and supporting ideas for a particular subject or topic.
• Outlines help you develop a logical, coherent structure for your paper, making it easier to translate your ideas into words and sentences.
• Once your outline is complete, you’ll have a clear picture of how you want your paper to develop.
• SENTENCE OUTLINE

  It is a type of outline that presents the thesis statement, major topics, subtopics, and supporting details in sentence form.
• SENTENCE OUTLINE

  It allows you to include those details in the sentences instead of having to create an outline of many short phrases that goes on page after page.
• TOPIC OUTLINE

  It is a type of outline which presents the major topics, subtopics, and supporting details in the form of words and phrases.
• What are the contents of an outline?

  Major Topics

  Subtopics

  Supporting Details
• TWO TYPES OF OUTLINE

  SENTENCE OUTLINE

  TOPIC OUTLINE
• A thesis statement is a one-sentence statement that expresses the main idea of an essay.
• Major topics refer to the major phrases/sentences which are formed from the thesis statement.
• Subtopics refer to the minor phrases/sentences which are formed from the major topics.
• Supporting details are phrases/sentences which provide additional information to clarify or prove the main idea.
• SUPPORTING DETAILS

  These details help you explain further the ideas presented by the major topics and subtopics.
• What are the steps in writing an outline?

  1. CHOOSE YOUR TOPIC AND ESTABLISH YOUR PURPOSE.
  2. CREATE AND ORGANIZE A LIST OF YOUR MAJOR TOPICS.
  3. MAKE AND ORGANIZE A LIST OF YOUR SUBTOPICS.
  4. PROVIDE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO SUPPORT YOUR SUBTOPICS.
  5. REVIEW AND REFINE THE CONTENTS OF YOUR OUTLINE.
• How to Expand the Content of an Outline Using Different Sources? (2)


  PRIMARY and SECONDARY
• Primary sources provide raw information and firsthand evidence.
• A primary source gives you direct access to the subject of your research.
• Secondary sources provide secondhand information and commentary from other researchers.
• A secondary source describes, interprets, or synthesizes primary sources.
• HOW TO TELL IF A SOURCE IS PRIMARY OR SECONDARY?

  
  

  Does this source come from someone directly involved in the events I'm studying (primary) or from another researcher (secondary)?

• HOW TO TELL IF A SOURCE IS PRIMARY OR SECONDARY?

  Am I interested in analyzing the source itself (primary) or only using it for background information (secondary)?
• HOW TO TELL IF A SOURCE IS PRIMARY OR SECONDARY?

  Does the source provide original information (primary) or does it comment upon information from other sources (secondary)?