IT L1

• IT era

  A distinct period in human history characterized by the widespread adoption, integration, and impact of information technology (IT) in various aspects of society
• The IT era refers to the Information Technology era
• Information


  Data or knowledge that has been processed, organized, or structured in a way that is meaningful and can be used to convey meaning or make decisions
• Methods for transfer of information

  • Image
  • Text
  • Sound
  • Video
• Technology


  The collection of tools, techniques, systems, and methods used by humans to solve problems, accomplish tasks, and achieve goals
• Information Technology (IT)


  The use of computers, software, networks and other technology resources to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data or information
• Key features and characteristics of the IT era


  • Digital Transformation
  • Global Connectivity
  • Data Revolution
  • Ubiquitous Computing
  • Emerging Technologies
  • Digital Disruption
  • Cybersecurity Challenges
  • Information Accessibility
  • Social and Cultural Impact
  • Economic and Workforce Changes
• Digital Transformation


  • A shift from analog and manual processes to digital methods of data storage, communication, and processing
• Global Connectivity


  • The IT era has connected people and organizations worldwide through the internet, enabling instant communication, collaboration, and the global exchange of information and ideas
• Data Revolution


  • The era is defined by the massive generation, collection, and analysis of data. Big data analytics and data-driven decision-making have become fundamental in various industries
• Ubiquitous Computing


  • The proliferation of computers and computing devices, including smartphones, tablets, and wearable technology, has made computing power and information access readily available to individuals
• Emerging Technologies


  • Continuous innovations in IT, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, blockchain, virtual reality (VR), and the Internet of Things (IoT), have transformed industries and opened new possibilities
• Digital Disruption


  • IT has disrupted traditional business models and practices across industries, leading to the rise of digital business strategies and the reimagining of customer experiences
• Information Accessibility


  • Greater access to information, education, and online resources has had profound effects on learning, research, and access to opportunities
• Social and Cultural Impact


  • The IT era has influenced social interactions, culture, and entertainment, from the way people connect on social media to the rise of digital content platforms
• Economic and Workforce Changes


  • New job roles and industries have emerged in the IT era, while traditional job roles have been transformed by automation and digital technologies
• Stages of IT history


  • Pre-mechanical age
  • Mechanical age
  • Electromechanical age
  • Electronic age
• Pre-Mechanical Age- earliest age of information. 3000BC-1450AD


  1. Writing and alphabets-communication

  PETROGLYPH-1ST HUMAN COMMUNICATED THROUGH PICTURE DRAWINGS

  2. Paper and Pens-SUMERIANS CREATED WET CLAY

  3. Books and Libraries: GREEKS CREATED SHEETS OF PAPYRUS

  4. The First Numbering Systems- CREATED BY HINDUS WHICH THEY CREATE THE 9-NUMBERING SYSTEM

  5. The First Calculators: Abacus
• Mechanical Age


  1. The First Information Explosion

  Johann Gutenberg - Invented the movable metal-type printing process in 1450.

  2. Calculating Machine

  Wilhelm Schickard invented the first mechanical calculator in 1623 that can work with six digits

  3. Pascaline

  invented by Blaise Pascal that could solve mathematical problems

  like addition and subtraction.

  4. Babbage's Engines

  Charles Babbage – invented the difference engine and analytical engine. He is the father of modern computer.
• Electromechanical Age


  1. Morse Code: 1835

  Samuel Morse – conceived of his first version of an electromagnetic Telegraph.

  2. Telephone and Radio: 1876

  Alexander Graham Bell – developed the first working telephone.

  3. Comptograph: 1885

  Dorr Felt – invented first adding and subtracting calculator.

  • Comptograph containing a the built-in printer.
• Electronic Age

  ABC Computer: 1942 by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry

  Completed the first all-electronic

  ABC stands for Atanasoff-Berry Computer
• Current Impact and Future Trends

  • Digital Transformation
  • Cloud Computing
  • Remote Work and Collaboration Tools
  • Cybersecurity
  • Artificial Technology
• The pre-mechanical age is the ? It can be defined as the time between 3000B.C and 1450 A.D


  earliest age of information