music

• kabuki is a japanese traditional theater art that is performed in a stylized manner that combines acting, singing, and dancing
• "ka" means to sing
• "bu" means to dance
• "ki" means to act
• kabuki was founded in 1603
• kabuki was founded by okuni, a shinto priestess
• komagawa river in tokyo
• kabuki is sometimes translated as "the art of singing and dancing"
• kabuki is derived from the verb "kabuku"
• kabuku means "to lean" or "to be out of the ordinary"
• hanamichi connects or extends into the audience
• onna-gata means female roles
• aragoto means male roles
• there are three vocal techniques or features used in japanese musical theater
• ipponchosi or the continuous pattern requires an extraordinary breath control that only few experts succeed in achieving. use in speeches building up to an explosive climax in the aragoto(oversized, super natural, rough hero)
• nori technique adapted from the chanting of jojuri, implies a very sensitive capacity of riding the rhythms of the shamisen declaiming each accompaniment
• yakuharai technique is the subtle delivery of poetical text written in the japanese metrical form of alternating seven and five syllables
• shamisen is a string instrument
• naugata or long song is the most popular shamisen music
• japanese orchestra consist of twenty musicians, ten are shamisen players, while other play flutes and drums
• geza-ongaku means off stagemusic
• shosa-ongaku means on-stage music
• chinese theater was considered as the highest form of arts in china
• peking operais stylized chinese form of opera dating from the late 18th centur, in which singing, mime, and acrobatics are performed to an instrumental accompaniment
• peking opera, also known as the beijing opera
• peking opera referred to as pingju or jinxi in chinese
• there are four roles in peking opera
• en refers to main male role in peking opera
• dan refers to female role in peking opera
• jing refers to painted-face male role. it must have a strong voice and be able to exaggerate gestures
• chou male clown model. reflects the traditional belief that the clown's ugliness and laughter could drive evil spirits away
• there are two styles of music in peking opera
• his-p'l has lower sound
• erh-huang has a higher sound
• fan-pan is commonly used for sorrowful songs and only sung by bearded characters
• the conductor usually sits in the center and creates a tempo with this drum
• bangu is used by the conductors of peking opera
• talo and sing-lo, a small and large gongs and cymbals are used at the beginning of the peking opera
• talo and sing-lo are gongs and cymbals
• ti-ts are aerophone instrument of peking opera