B4-Bioenergentics

• photosynthesis produces glucose using light
• photosynthesis uses energy to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
• photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast it contains pigments like chlorophyll that absorbs light
• energy is transferred to the chloroplast from the environment using light
• photosynthesis is endothermic meaning energy is transferred from the environment in the process
• photosynthesis equation

  A) carbon dioxide

  B) water

  C) glucose

  D) oxygen

  
• plant use glucose for respiration this transfers energy from glucose which enables the plants to convert the rest of the glucose into various other useful substances, making cellulose this glucose is converted into cellulose for making strong plant cell walls, making amino acids glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids which are then made into proteins, stored as oils or fats glucose is turned into lipids for storing seeds, stored as starch glucose is turned into starch and stored in roots, stems and leaves
• the rate of photosynthesis is affected by the intensity of light, concentration of co2 and temperature
• not enough light slows down the rate of photosynthesis, too little carbon dioxide also slows it down and the temperature has to be just right

  
• oxygen production shows the rate of photosynthesis

  A) pondweed

  B) light intensity

  C) volume of o2

  
• light intensity = 1 / distance
• respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose which goes on in every cell
• respiration is exothermic, it transfers energy to the enviroment
• metabolism is all the chemical reactions in an organism
• lots of small glucose molecules are joined together in reactions to form starch , glycogen and cellulose
• glucose is broken down in respiration
• excess protein is broken down in a reaction to produce urea
• aerobic = oxygen
• anaerobic = no oxygen
• aerobic respiration goes on all the time in plants and animals and mostly happen in the mitochondria glucose + oxygen --- carbon dioxide + water
• anaerobic is the incomplete breakdown of glucose making lactic acid glucose --- lactic acid
• plants and yeast cells can respire with out oxygen too but they produce ethanol and carbon dioxide instead of lactic acid
• anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called fermentation
• when you nexersis you respire more
• anaerobic respiration leads to oxygen debt
• respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to transfer energy, which occurs in every cell