AMT 645

• FAA

  Federal Aviation Administration
• FAA is a regulating body under the United States Department of Transportation which is authorized to control and lead the civil aviation within the U.S., including the management, researches and development of the National Airspace System
• FAA promotes the safety of the aviation industry not just in the US, but outside as well
• FAA is one of the two main agencies world-wide responsible for the certification of aircraft, European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is the other
• FAA Key Activities/Responsibilities

  • Airspace and Air Traffic Management
  • Safety Regulation
  • Civil Aviation Abroad
  • Air Navigation Facilities
  • Research, Engineering, and Development
  • Commercial Space Transportation
• Airspace and Air Traffic Management


  Safe and efficient use of navigable airspace
• Safety Regulation


  Issuance and enforcement of regulations and certifications
• Civil Aviation Abroad


  Exchange aeronautical information, trainings, and agreements internationally
• Air Navigation Facilities


  Maintains and assures the quality of facilities
• Research, Engineering, and Development


  Research and development of systems and procedures for a safe and efficient air navigation
• Commercial Space Transportation


  Licensing of space launch facilities and private launches of space loads
• FARs


  Federal Aviation Regulations
• FARs are rules prescribed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governing all aviation activities in the United States
• The FARs are part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
• Relevant Parts for AMTs


  • 14 CFR Part 1 (DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS)
  • 14 CFR Part 23 (AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL CATEGORY AIRPLANES)
  • 14 CFR Part 39 (AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES)
  • 14 CFR Part 43 (MAINTENANCE, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, REBUILDING, AND ALTERATION)
  • 14 CFR Part 91 (GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES)
• 14 CFR Part 1


  Provides the general terms and definitions as used in Subchapters A through K of this chapter
• Maintenance


  Inspection, overhaul, repair, preservation, and the replacement of parts, but excludes preventive maintenance
• Major alteration


  An alteration not listed in the aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller specifications that might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or that is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations

  
• Major repair


  A repair that, if improperly done, might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or that is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations
• Minor alteration


  An alteration other than a major alteration
• Minor repair


  A repair other than a major repair
• 14 CFR Part 23


  Prescribes airworthiness standards for the issue of type certificates, and changes to those certificates, for airplanes in the normal categories
• Normal Category Airplanes

  • Max seating configuration of 19 pax, MTOW of 19,000 lbs
  • Level 1: 0-1 pax
  • Level 2: 2-6 pax
  • Level 3: 7-9 pax
  • Level 4: 10-19 pax
• Certification Requirements for Normal Category Airplanes


  • Weight & center of gravity, performance data, stall speed, take-off performance, climb requirements & information, landing performance
  • Controllability, trim, stability, stall, ground & water handling, vibration, icing
  • Structural design loads, flight load conditions, component loading conditions, limit & ultimate loads
  • Structural strength, durability, aeroelasticity
  • Design & construction principles, protection of structure, materials & processes, special factor of safety

  
• 14 CFR Part 39


  The regulations in this part provide a legal framework for FAA's system of Airworthiness Directives
• Airworthiness Directives


  A document that notifies the owners or operators of a particular model of aircraft that unsafe or potentially unsafe conditions have been discovered which may affect the airworthiness of the model in question and that details any corrective actions which may be necessary to address the deficiency

  
• Airworthiness directives specify inspections you must carry out, conditions and limitations you must comply with, and any actions you must take to resolve an unsafe condition
• FAA issues an airworthiness directive addressing a product when we find that: (a) An unsafe condition exists in the product; and (b) The condition is likely to exist or develop in other products of the same type design
• 14 CFR Part 43


  This part concerns the process of overhaul and rebuilding, as well as, maintenance, preventive maintenance, alteration
• Major Alteration


  • Airframe Major Alterations
  • Powerplant Major Alterations
  • Propeller Major Alterations
  • Appliance Major Alterations
• Major Repair


  • Airframe Major Repairs
  • Powerplant Major Repairs
  • Propeller Major Repairs
  • Appliance Major Repairs
• Each person performing a major repair or major alteration shall execute FAA Form 337 at least in duplicate, give a signed copy to the aircraft owner, and forward a copy to the FAA Aircraft Registration Branch within 48 hours after the aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, or appliance is approved for return to service
• 14 CFR Part 91


  This rule prescribes the general operating rules for all persons operating aircrafts
• Most general aviation aircraft require an annual inspection, which must be completed and properly endorsed by a within the preceding 12 calendar months
• The 100-hour limit may be exceeded by 10 hours for the purposes of flying to a place where the inspection can be done, and the excess time must be included in computing the next 100 hours of time in service
• To minimize maintenance downtime, owners may opt for a progressive inspection plan, which allows for more frequent but shorter inspection phases, as long as all items required for the annual and 100-hour are inspected within the required time
• The aircraft's static system, altimeter, and automatic altitude-reporting (Mode C) system must have been inspected and tested in the preceding 24 calendar months before flying IFR in controlled airspace
• The transponder must be inspected every 24 calendar months, and the installation of or modification to a transponder must be inspected for data errors as well
• Installed ELT's must be inspected within 12 calendar months after the last inspection for proper installation, battery corrosion, operation of the controls/crash sensor, and sufficient signal strength
• Classifications of aircraft


  • Lighter-than-air flight
  • Balloons
  • Dirigibles
  • Heavier-than-air aircraft
  • Ornithopter
  • Glider
  • Rotorcraft
  • Airplane