The Impact of New Technology

• What developments were made in response to German U-Boats?

  • Underwater Mines
  • Depth Charges - explosives that detonate at certain depths to attack submarines
  • Q-Ships - Ships that had concealed weaponry, so when Submarines came to the surface to attack, Q-Ships could attack them
  • The Convoy System - Battle or Warships protecting Merchant ships during their journey
• What other developments were made in Sea Warfare?

  • Hydrophones - A microphone that could detect Submarines from several miles away
• What impact did Sea Warefare have on War?

  U-Boats were the reason developments were made, which this was successful in counter-attacking
• What were the developments in Air Warfare?

  • Stronger Materials were used for mobility
  • Machine Guns were added by Anthony Fokker (German) in a way that didn't damage propellers when used
  • Planes were used to support ground troops
  • Planes began to fly in large formations
  • Radios allowed planes to communicate
• What impact did Air Warefare have on War?

  Brought war into the sky
• What developments were there in Tank Warefare?

  • First used in the Battle of the Somme by the British (Ineffective)
  • Became stronger over the course of WW1
• What impact did Tank Warefare have on War?

  • Helped in the Battle of Cambrai 1917 - 400 tanks crossed German lines, resulting in 8km land gain and fewer losses
  • Developed German trenches to combat these tanks - Reinforcements and stronger guns
• What developments were there in Artillery?

  • Special shells that could destroy Barbed Wire
  • Creeping Barrage tactic
  • Larger and more accurate guns
  • Led to Mine Warefare
• What impact did use of Artillery have on War?

  • Enabled more damage to be done to enemy lines
  • Germans had weapons that could shoot up to 130km by the end of the war
• What developments were there in Infiltration tactics?

  • Stopped bombarding enemies and then sending in ground troops
  • Elite soldiers were sent in first to destroy as many Artillery Posts as possible, before sending in waves of Ground Troops
• What impact did Infiltration Tactics have on War?

  Decreased number of casualities
• What development was there in Commanding Troops?

  • Commanding should be done by one person for better structure
  • French General Ferdinand Foch was put in Charge of Entente forces
• What were the impacts of Commanding Troops on War?

  • Unified command structure from Foch allied Entente Forces to halt the German Spring Offensive and make a successful counter attack