physics

• Acceleration


  The rate of change in velocity. Can be a change in direction, positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).

  
• Balanced Force


  Two forces in opposite directions. Net force is zero and the motion of the object does not change.

  
• Friction


  The force between objects that resists motion - always slows down motion

  
• Newton


  A measurement of force
• Magnitude


  The strength or size of an object or force.
• Mass


  The total amount of matter in something.

  
• Energy


  The capacity for doing work.
• Force


  A push or pull on an object that can cause a change in movement
• Net Force


  The total of all the forces acting on an object

  
• Gravity


  A force that pulls objects together

  
• F = m x a


  Formula for Force

  
• Displacement vs Time Graph

  Shows the distance an object travels in a certain amount of time.

  slope is velocity

  
• Inertia


  the tendency of a body to maintain is state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force

  
• Kinetic Energy


  The energy an object possess due to its motion.

  
• Motion


  A change in the position of an object over time.

  
• Newton's First Law of Motion (Definition)

  an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside unbalanced force; an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside unbalanced force.
• Newton's First Law of Motion (Example)


  when a car suddenly stops and your head continues to move foward even though your body is stopped by the seat belt

  
• Newton's Second Law of Motion (Definition)

  the greater the force applied to an object, the greater the acceleration; the smaller the mass of an object, the greater its acceleration when force is applied; only an unbalanced force can cause objects to accelerate
• Newton's Second Law of Motion (Example)


  the force applied to a roller coaster car in addition to the mass of the car determines the acceleration of the car; more force = more acceleration
• Newton's Third Law of Motion (Definition)

  for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction; there is a reaction force that is equal in size but opposite in direction.
• Newton's Third Law of Motion (Example)

  as the thrust of a rocket pushes down on Earth's surface, the rocket launches upward into the atmosphere

  
• Potential Energy


  Energy stored in an object by the virtue of its position.

  
• Example of work


  A monkey carries a 5 kg pineapple 10 meters in 5 minutes.

  
• Example of no work being performed

  A monkey holds a 5 kg pineapple over his head for 5 minutes.

  
• Example of velocity


  Nemo swims 37 m/s South to Wallaby Way in Australia.

  
• Speed


  the distance traveled by an object in a given amount of time.

  
• Example of speed


  Nemo swims 58 m/s

  
• Unbalanced Force


  A force that is not equal in size and opposite in direction.

  
• Velocity


  speed of an object and its direction of motion; changes when speed, direction or both changes
• Work


  force exerted on an object that causes the object to move in same direction that the force was applied
• Waves


  Transfer energy in the direction they are traveling
• Amplitude


  The maximum displacement of a point on the wave from this undisturbed position

  
• Wavelength


  The distance between the same point on two adjacent waves (between the trough of one wave and the trough of the wave next to it, applies the same way with the crest,)

  
• Frequency


  Is the number of complete waves passing a certain point per second. Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz), where 1 wave is 1 Hertz

  
• Period


  From the frequency, you can find a period of a wave using the formula 1÷frequency
• Transverse waves


  Waves were in which the oscillation (vibrations) are perpendicular (90 degrees) to the direction of energy transfer. Some of these waves include:

  All electromagnetic wave (light)

  Ripples and waves in water

  A wave on a string

  
• Longitudinal waves


  Waves were the oscillation (vibrations) are parallel to the direction of energy transfer. Some of these waves include:

  Sound wave in air, ultrasound

  Shock waves, some seismic waves

  
• Wave speed formula


  Wave speed (v)=Frequency(Hz)x Wave length (ƛ)
• Transmitted waves


  Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction
• Ray diagrams for reflection

  When you make a ray diagram for reflection you need to remember that:

  Angle of incidence=Angle of reflection