Standardised assessments

• how big are eukaryotic cells?

  10-100 micrometres
• Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

  ribosomes
• Which organelle is responsible for releasing energy?

  mitrochondria
• Which organelle is responsible for storing DNA?

  nucleus
• Give the name of the organelle where aerobic respiration takes place, supplying energy to the cell:

  mitochondria
• Name the process in which a cell develops new sub-cellular structures to let it perform a specific function:

  cell diffrentiaation
• Everything you need to know about sperm:

  1. The ‘head’ contains the sperm cell’s nucleus. The nucleus of a gamete carries half of an organism’s genetic material.
  2. This combines with the egg cell's half of genetic material to fertilise the egg cell.
  3. The acrosome at the tip of the head contains digestive enzymes needed to penetrate (break into) an egg cell.
  4. The middle section is filled with mitochondria to provide the sperm with the energy it needs to travel a long distance to reach the egg cell.
  5. The flagellum is used for the cell’s motion. This allows sperm cells to travel towards the egg cell.
• Name the substance that strengthens the cell walls of xylem cells:


  lignin
• what is the light microscope practical?

  1. Put a thin sample of tissue (e.g. onion epidermis) onto a microscope slide.

  2. Add a few drops of a suitable stain.

  3. Place a coverslip on top of the tissue and place the slide onto the microscope stage.

  4.Use the objective lens with the lowest magnification, and focus on the sample.

  5.Increase the magnification and refocus to see different features of the cell.