LESSON 3

• Integrative art


  Art that is integrated into communal services, such as planting and harvesting, weddings, funerals, and rites of passage
• Precolonial art used in daily life


  • Woven fabrics for dresses
  • Weapons for battles
  • Chants for a good harvest
• Kashawing ritual


  A prayer for abundance during harvesting season, a reenactment of a legendary pact between ancestors and unseen spirits
• Rituals accompanied by musical instruments


  • Banog-banog (Higaonon and B'laan)
  • Man-manok dance (Bagobos)
  • Talip (Ifugao courtship ritual)
  • Agung ensemble (Imitates the animals)
• Animism


  Indigenous arts were inspired by the belief that natural objects, natural phenomena, and the universe itself possess a spiritual essence
• Statues symbolizing ancestors or deities

  • Bul-ul (Ifugao granary god)
  • Okir (curvilinear decoration influenced by Indian and Islamic art)
• Spanish colonization


  Brought Catholicism, imposed western culture, and gave rise to religious or Christian and folk arts
• Hispanic baroque structure


  Towns were created in a structure of a plaza complex with a church at the center
• Religious icons


  • Santos
  • Retablos
• Pasyon or pabasa


  A narration of Christ's passion portrayed during the Lent season
• American colonization


  Introduced the public education system, brought Philippine literature into English
• American colonial art


  • Vaudeville or Bodabil in theater
• Marcos regime


  Culture and arts were given more focus, urban planning and architecture were highlighted
• Social realism


  Leading movement in response to martial law's horrors
• Literary, visual, and performing arts used to express dissent


  • Prometheus Unbound by Jose Lacaba (pen name Ruben Cuevas)
• Newfound freedom after martial law

  Paved the way for more diverse and expressive Filipino artworks, art became more about self-expression
• The Philippines is an archipelagic nation with diverse cultures and traditions, various art forms can be found in the country
• Different ethnic groups have their art traditions and styles that make up their identity
• Art can contribute to the development of national identity by serving as reflections of a country's realities, traditions, and history
• Filipino artists constantly explore unique and resourceful ways to convey these realities and contribute to the nation's culture and arts
• Art movements such as realism, minimalism, conceptual art, and neo-Expressionism are some of the common movements that Filipino artists used in their creations
• These art movements help our artists create works representing the nation's identity