Muslim: evil and suffering

• What are good actions known as in Islam?

  'halal' = 'it is permitted
• What are 3 things are Good actions subdivided into?

  - Fard

  - Mandub

  - Mubah
• What is fard?


  Actions which must be performed for a person to be regarded as good (e.g. observing 5 pillars + obeying shariah law = not performing them will be punished)
• What is Mandub?


  actions which muslims will be rewarded for doing, but not punished if they don't do them
• What is Mubah?


  actions which are permitted because nothing is said about them in the qur'an or Hadith (e.g, watching TV = neither be rewarded or punished)
• What are Evil actions called in Islam?

  'haram' = ''that is forbidden'' = regarded as evil if you do something 'haram
• What is 2 things is Evil divided into?

  - Moral evil

  - Natural Evil
• What is Moral evil?


  Evil caused by humans misusing their free will (e.g. murder)
• What is natural evil?


  Things which cause suffering but have nothing to do with humans (e.g. earthquakes)
• What Do Atheists and Humanists believe about Evil and suffering and what a good God would do? 2 points

  - A good God would design a world that had natural evils = can't believe in a God that creates horrible diseases

  - Evil + suffering is caused by humans misusing their free will or fault of accidental nature.
• What is the inconsistent triad? 3 points

  - If God is omnipotent, he must be able to remove evil + suffering in the world

  - If God is omnibenevolent, he must want to remove evil + suffering from the world

  - If god exists, there should be no evil + suffering in the world
• How do Muslims respond to evil + suffering? 2 points

  - helping those who suffer , practically or in prayer,

  - helping the suffering + fighting evil = will be rewarded by God on Last day
• Why do Muslims think people suffer? 2 points

  - God is much greater than humans = cannot understand his motives = must accept what God does

  - Quran says God is good + there must be good reasons for Evil + suffering
• What do Muslims believe about life?

  - life is a test = true Muslim will remain faithful through trials of his life
• Why do Muslims believe that humans will be questioned about their evil actions?

  - they were born with natural instinct to understand difference between right and wrong
• How can punishment be regarded as justice?

  part of justice = making sure that good are rewarded + lawbreakers are punished
• What is Retributive Justice?

  punishment should be proportionate to the crime = severity of punishment must reflect severity of crime
• Why does society need punishment? 2 points

  - make sure that all members of society obey laws (deterrence)

  - rest of society are protected from lawbreakers (protection)