Viral Infections 2

• common illness in both children & adults

  seasonal occurrence

  Common Cold (Acute Rhinitis)
• causative agent of common cold

  • Rhinovirus= most common

  • Parainfluenza virus

  • RSV

  • Coronavirus
• • denotes several respiratory illness

  • infection of the upper airway, which obstructs breathing and causes a characteristic barking cough

  CROUP ( Laryngitis, Laryngotracheitis, Laryngotracheobronchitis )
• Causative agent of croup

  • Parainfluenza viruses

  • RSV
• Mild viral infection

  Influenza
• causative agent of influenza

  • Influenza A, B and C

  • Influenza A = responsible for most cases of epidemics and pandemics

  • H5N1 strain = cause of avian flu
• • a chronic inflammatory condition involving the bronchi

  • a recurrent bacterial infection

  Chronic Bronchitis/ Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
• causative agent of chronic bronchitis

  • Haemophilus infuenzae

  • RSV = major cause of bronchiolitis
• infection involving the lung parenchyma

  Pneumonia
• Types of pneumonia:

  Typical pneumonia and Atypical pneumonia
• Typical pneumonia

  = Lobar pneumonia- lobes affected

  = Interstitial pneumonia- interstitial spaces affected, not alveoli

  = Bronchopneumonia- à bronchus, alveoli
• = “ walking pneumonia “

  = milder s/sx caused by other bacterial not common causes of pneumonia

  Atypical pneumonia
• causative agent of pneumonia


  Haemophilus influenza
• = inflammation of the interstitial spaces

  = rales on auscultation

  = usually caused by RSV

  Viral pneumonia
• Infectious parotitis

  mumps
• • a generalized systemic infection involving the parotid glands

  • usually occurs in epidemic form

  • an acute contagious disease

  • a single attack causes permanent immunity if both glands were affected.

  mumps
• Causative agent of mumps

  Paramyxo virus
• Inflammation of the liver

  Hepatitis
• Causative agent of hepatitis

  • Microorganisms

  • Bacteria

  • Viruses

  • Protozoa

  • Spirochetes

  • Too much alcohol

  • Drug intoxication

  • Chemical intoxication
• • Infectious hepatitis

  • Catarrhal hepatitis

  • Epidemic hepatitis

  Hepatitis A
• most fatal type of hepatitis

  Hepatitis B
• Post-transfusion hepatitis

  Hepatitis C
• Causative agent of Hepatitis C

  Hepatitis C Virus
• Dormant type of hepatitis

  Hepatitis D
• Causative agent of Hepatitis D

  Can be acquired only if with Hepatitis B
• Enteric Hepatitis

  Hepatitis E
• Causative agent of Hepatitis E

  Hepatitis E virus
• due to excessive bilirubin in the blood

  jaundice
• due to bile salts in the sweat

  pruritus
• due to excess bilirubin in the kidneys

  tea-colored urine
• Causative agent of Genital Herpes

  Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
• Causative agent of Condylomata Acuminata

  HPV Human Papillomavirus
• Causative agent of Aquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

  Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)