05 Handout

• Primary group


  Members conduct themselves informally, interact spontaneously, sympathetically to one another, and enjoy each other's company
• Secondary group


  Members conduct themselves according to role expectation and treat each other with acknowledgement to status and degree of acquaintance
• Primary group

  • Family
  • Couple
  • Church
• Secondary group

  • Co-workers/Officemates
  • Sports Teammates
  • Committee
• Formal group


  Intentionally formed and planned for carrying out specific purposes
• Informal group


  Formed unplanned and spontaneously established out of random association and interaction
• Formal group

  • Student Organizations
  • Professional Associations
  • Religious Orders
• Informal group

  • Peer Group
  • Dating Group
  • Study Group
• Open group


  Membership is open for everyone
• Closed group


  Membership is exclusive to a selected number of persons either by quota or qualifications
• Open group

  • Clubs
  • Public Forums
• Closed group


  • School exclusive for Girls
  • Political Party
• Interest group


  Formed for the purpose of protecting and promoting the trade, interests, and well-being of its members
• Pressure group


  Formed to influence the public's views
• Task group


  Constitute a pool of workers labor force, or performers following a chain of command for the purpose of completing a task
• Interest group

  • Guilds
  • Art Clubs
  • Labor Unions
• Pressure group

  • Militant Group
  • Advocacy group
• Task group

  • Production Team
  • Sports Team
  • Orchestra
• In-group


  Members have a sense of loyalty, camaraderie, and solidarity. Non-members are considered "outsiders", "the others", or "strangers"
• Out-group


  One is perceived to be apart from the others. They are often perceived as odd and indifferent
• Minority group


  Relatively less dominant in terms of its size, status, or degree of influence
• Reference group


  One is not necessarily a member but they serve a comparative basis for self-evaluation
• Minority group

  • Ethnic Groups
• Reference group

  • Goths
  • Rockers
  • Socialites
• Social group


  A collection of people who regularly interact with one another based on shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity
• Primary group


  • Typically a small group whose members share close, personal, and enduring relationships
• Secondary group


  • Can be small or large and mostly impersonal and usually short-term, typically found at work and school
• Reference group


  A group to which we compare ourselves, also called identity association groups since their creation is fueled by a person's desired to provide a character connection
• In-group


  • Social group to which an individual feels he or she belong, one feels loyalty and respect for this group
• Out-group


  • Social groups that an individual does not identify with, one feels antagonism and contempt for these groups
• Group think


  A process by which the members of a group ignore ways of thinking and plans of action that go against the group consensus
• Group think is said to be taking place, it is a psychological influence exerted over us by our respective groups on moral, legal, scientific, and religious matters