Lesson 9: Vital signs and the first-aid kit

• Vital signs are measurements of the body's most basic funtions
• Vital signs: Pulse Rate, Respiration Rate, Temperature, and Blood Pressure
• Pulse Rate is the measure of the number of heartbeats per minute.
• Normal Range of pulse rate is 60-100 bpm (beats per minute)
• Respiration rate is the measure of the breathing cycles per minute
• Normal rage of respiration rate is 16-30 cpm (cycles per minute)
• Temperature is the hotness or coldness of a body
• Normal range of a temperature is 36.5-37.5 (degree celsius)
• Blood pressure is the impact of blood on the blood vessels
• Normal range of blood pressure is 90-120 over 6-80 (mmHg/millimeter of mercury)
• First aid is an emergency care given to an injured person
• First aid: Preserve life, Prevent Worsening, Promote Recovery
• Contents of a first-aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment used for medical treatments
• alcohol is used as an antiseptic/disinfectant
• Povidone Iodine is used as an antiseptic/disinfectant. it also speeds up recovery
• Gauze pad is used to cover large wounds
• Adhesive (surgical) Tape is used to hold gauze pad in place
• Cotton balls/buds is used to apply antiseptics or disinfectants
• Adhesive bandage is used to cover small wounds. 2 n 1
• Gloves are used as a cover for the hand to prevent wound contamination before applying any antiseptics and ointment
• Sprit of Ammonia is used as first aid for fainting
• Elastic bandage is used to support injuries such as sprains, fractures, dislocation, etc.
• Liniment is used to temporarily remove pain
• Brown paper bag is used as first aid for hyperventilation (difficulty in breathing)
• Thermometer is used to check temperature
• Sphygmomanometer is used to check blood pressure
• Whistle is used for communication
• Flashlight is used as source of temporarily light
• medicine is used as oral treatment of specific diseases
• manual - list down all functions of the first aid kit
• systolic blood pressure is where pressure is exerted when blood is ejected into arteries. Normal systolic blood pressure is 120 mmHg or bellow
• diastolic blood pressure is where pressure blood exerts within arteries between heartbeats. Normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mmHg or below
• Newborn's heart rate: 100-160
• 0-5 months heart rate 90-150
• 6-12 months heart rate 80-140