Ch. 13: The Descriptive Research Strategy

• What is the strength and weakness of Naturalistic Observation?

  • Strength: Behaviour observed in the real world; it is useful for non-manipulated behaviours; actual behaviours are observed and then recorded.
  • Weaknesses: Time-consuming; potential for observer influence; potential for subjective interpretation.
• What is the strength and weakness of Participant observation?

  • Strength: When natural observation is impossible; get information not accessible otherwise; participation gives unique perspective.
  • Weakness: Time-consuming; potential for loss ob objectivity; increased chance for observer influence.
• What is the strength and weakness of "Contrived Observation?"

  • Strength: Do not have to wait for behaviours to occur.
  • Weakness: Less natural.
• Survey Research Design


  A research study that uses survey to obtain a description of a particular group of individuals. The goal of this is to obtain an accurate picture of the individuals being studied. Sometimes, a survey may focus more on a specific characteristic.
• What are the four issues when conducting survey research?

  1. Survey questions must be developed.
  2. The questions must be assembled and organised to produce a well-constructed survey.
  3. A selection process must be developed to determine exactly who will participate in the survey and who will not; will be representative of the general group being studied.
  4. Researchers must determine how the survey will be administered.