Science- Systems Gr8

• Social system


  A group of people or groups of living things that join together to perform a specific function
• Physical system


  A system that relies on a group of physical parts that perform a function
• Components


  The parts required by the system itself
• Force


  Push or pull acts on an object
• Friction


  Force that opposes the motion of an object
• Contact forces


  Contact forces must touch the object without touching it
• Action-at-a-distance


  Can push or pull an object without touching it
• Mass


  Amount of matter that is in an object
• Weight


  Weight is a force exerted on masses because of gravity
• Work


  Work is what is done when a force causes an object to move
• Law of conservation of energy


  The total amount of energy stays the same when the energy is transferred
• Kinetic energy


  Objects have kinetic energy
• Potential energy


  Stored energy in an object
• Machines


  Any mechanical system that reduces the force required to do work
• Mechanical advantage


  The amount in which a machine can multiply its workload
• System


  • Car
• Types of systems


  • Physical systems
  • Social systems
• Physical system


  • Healthcare
• Social system


  • Bee colony
• Types of physical systems

  • Body systems
  • Mechanical systems
  • Optical system
  • Electrical systems
• Body system


  • Digestive
• Mechanical system


  • Car
• Optical system


  • Binoculars
• Electrical system


  • Lightbulb
• How machines make work easier

  • By increasing the force that can be applied to an object
  • By increasing the distance over which the force is applied
  • By changing the direction of a force
• Simple machines


  • Pulley
  • Screw
  • Wedge
  • Linear platform
  • Wheel and axe
  • Inclined plane
• Efficiency of a machine


  Measurement of how much work a machine can do compared to the energy used
• Types of friction


  • Static friction
  • Sliding friction
• Static friction


  The force that prevents surfaces at rest from sliding against one another
• Sliding friction


  The force that acts against movement and causes the objects to slow and stop
• Lubricant


  Substance that is placed between to sliding surfaces
• Consumer


  Individual who uses the goods or services provided by a system
• Productivity


  The amount of output that is produced per unit of time
• Evolution


  The gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form
• Disadvantages of automation include being more susceptible of making errors