2.1

• Criminal Investigation


  Art and science oriented toward identifying perpetrators, launching operations to locate their whereabouts and gathering of evidence to prove their guilt during criminal proceeding
• Science


  A logical procedure, methods or process in order to arrive at a certain conclusion as to how the crime was committed as well as to how he will provide evidence to prove the guilt of the perpetrator during criminal proceeding
• Perpetrator


  Person suspected to have committed an act which is defined by law as a crime and whose identity was unknown to the police
• Stages to ensure the success of the case

  1. Identify perpetrator/s

  2. Locate his/their whereabouts

  3. Provide evidence
• Identify perpetrator/s


  • It is important in the first part of investigation to recognize as to who is the perpetrator of the crime. It is mainly established as this will guide investigators as to who committed the crime
• Locate his/their whereabouts


  • After identifying perpetrator, the next step is to trace his whereabouts, which includes but is not limited to his place of residence, workplace, and hangout
• Provide evidence


  • Successfully produce a conviction, investigators must remember the rules in handling evidence so as to maintain its integrity starting from the crime scene up until during court presentation
• Types of police reports

  • Blotter
  • Progress
  • Spot
  • Final
• Which is the third stage to ensure the success of the case

  Provide evidence
• Blotter


  a record of daily events occurring within the territory/jurisdiction of a given.
• Spot report


  one than after an important incident takes place in a certain area at a given time. Verbal or written, it must be done or acted upon within twenty-four-hours.
• progress report


  an accomplishment report which may be analytical in nature and may be comparatively longer.
• It appears to the police officer making the investigation that there is no sufficient evidence or reasonable ground of suspicion to justify the forwarding of the accused. So, the investigation report of the police which is submitted under section 275 of the P.R.B is called Final Report.