2.3

• Motive


  The moving power and cause that induces an individual to perform an act which is defined as a crime
• Approach in investigation


  The manner how investigator starts learning facts about the crime
• Corpus delicti


  The body of the crime or the fact that the crime was committed
• Inductive approach


  This approach in investigation follows a sequence from specific to general such that investigators will look first at the pieces of evidence before concluding as to what crime is committed
• Deductive approach


  Starts from general to specific such that investigators will first start looking at the body of the crime (corpus delicti) before proceeding with the individual evidence as to how the crime was committed
• Information


  The data needed in the course of investigation. This will allow investigators to gather facts needed to solve the case as this is considered as the lifeblood and essence of investigation
• Instrumentation


  The process of employing scientific instruments in crime detection such as but not limited to bullet comparison microscope, fingerprint comparator, polygraph machine and the like
• Motive is irrelevant in criminal law, intent is relevant
• Trigomatic principles

  • Principle of permanency: the basic characteristics of fingerprints do not change over time
  • Principle of individuality: each fingerprint is unique to an individual
  • Principle of Infallibility: challenges the belief that fingerprint matching is always accurate, as there can be false associations between fingerprints
• interview and interrogation

  similar in terms of their purpose-to acquire Information. However, they differ in the manner as to how they gather and collect information such that Interview is done in a simple manner of questioning and mostly done among complainant, victims, or witness. Interrogation is intrusive or antagonistic in approach as it questions commonly suspects, accused or hostile witness.
• Sherlock Holmes used inductive approach. He observed the scene, and noticed certain jewelry on the woman's body had been recently cleaned, except for her wedding ring. That forced him to ask the question, Why?