phy sci 2

• polar molecules – is a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly positive.
• non-polar molecule – covalent bonds occur when two nonmetals atoms share electrons equally. both atoms have similar electronegativity, thus resulting in equal sharing of electrons.
• Jons Jakob Berzelius – designate the symbol
• chemical bonds – are formed when two atoms lose, accept or share electrons
• two type of bonding

  1. Ionic Bond
  2. Covalent Bonds
• Ionic Bond – occur when there is a transfer of one or more valence electrons from one atom to another.
• covalent bonds – occurs when two atoms shared two or more pair of electrons.
• from left to right – increase – bottom to top
• from right to left – decrease – top to bottom
• polarity – distribution of electric charge around atoms chemical group.
• polar molecules – structure has a positive charge one end and a negative charge the other end.
• non-polar molecules – charge is heavenly balanced rather than having one positive and one negative end.
• electronegativity – measures the relative tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when chemically combined with other atom.
• greater than or equal to 1.7 – ionic
• 0.5 to 1.6 – polar covalent
• less than 0.5 – non-polar covalent