LESSON 8

• Health


  "a state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"
• Health promotion


  "Process of enabling people to increase control over the determinant of health and thereby improve their health."
• Health


  "realize aspirations and satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities"

  
• Population Risk Continuum for Addressing Health Issues

  
• Prevention


  Preventing the occurrence of a health problem
• Health education


  Enabling individuals and communities to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health

  
• ALMA ATA DECLARATION: Health is a fundamental human right and that the attainment of the highest possible level of health is a most important worldwide social goal. The existing goal inequality in the health status of the people particularly between developed and developing countries is politically, socially and economically unacceptable.
• Health Education Philosophies


  • Cognitive Approaches
  • Changing Behavior
  • Freeing/Functioning
  • Social Change

  
• Health Promotion Actions


  • Build Healthy Public Policy
  • Create Supportive Environments
  • Strengthen Community Actions
  • Develop Personal Skills
  • Reorient Health Services

  
• Build Healthy Public Policy


  Relates to the decision that are made by the governments and organizations in relation to healthcare policy, rules and regulations. Includes changes in policy that will make healthier choices easier and contribute to healtier, safer, cleaner and more services and environments.
• Build Healthy Public Policy

  • Ban smoking in public areas
  • Reducing speed limits in roads/streets near schools
• Create Supportive Environments


  Building links between individuals and their environments (economic, physical and social) and promoting environments that encourage safe, stimulating and enjoyable living and working conditions so individuals can reach their full potential. Key feature: encourages individuals to support and help each other to make healthy choices now and in the future.
• Create Supportive Environments


  • Bike lanes on the road
  • Provision and sale of healthy food and drinks at canteen
• Strengthen Community Actions


  Require communities working together to set priorities, make decisions and plan and implement strategies that will help them achieve better health for their over-all community.
• Strengthen Community Actions


  • Alcohol free events for young people
  • Sunday funday to promote sports/outdoor games
• Develop Personal Skills


  Involves an individual gaining life skills and information through health promotion and education.
• Develop Personal Skills


  • Information sessions on how to check breast cancer
  • Information sessions on how to protect yourself from cyber bullying
• Reorient Health Services


  Involves individuals, community groups, health professionals and the government working together to achieve a healthcare system that promotes health.
• Reorient Health Services


  • A doctor discussing the benefits of stopping smoking to a patient with type 2 diabetes
  • Police visibility in school premises to support road safety education
• Health Literacy


  A health literate person can think things through and make health choices in solving his/her own problems as well as family member problems, is responsible and makes health choices that benefit him/herself and family members, is in charge of his/her own health learning and teaches family members to do the same, and can use communication skills to express needs, questions and concerns to health care providers and staff.

  
• Nutbeam's Levels of Literacy

  • Basic/Functional Literacy
  • Communicative/Interactive Literacy
  • Critical Literacy