ANACHEM 16-19 introduction

• What is the Sol'n with known concentration yo a high degree of accuracy
• What are the other alternatives to be used when preparing standard acid sol'n

  Potassium and Barium Hydroxide
• solution with known concentration to a high degree of accuracy

  Standard Solution or Titrant
• these sol'ns absorbs carbon dioxide from air, thereby changing rapidly in concentration

  Potassium and Barium Hydroxide
• Should all alkali solutions be re- standardized frequently


  True
• What is the sol'n with known concentration to a high degree of accuracy

  Titrant or Standard Solution
• it is usually prepared from sodium hydroxide 


  Standard acid sol'n
• Should all alkali solutions be re- standardized frequently


  The choice of solution depends upon the nature of the substance to be titrated
• is a solid substance which is used for the direct standardization of a given sol'n

  Primary standard
• What are the most common standards for the direct determination of normality of an ACID

  Sodium Carbonate

  Calcium Carbonate

  Mercuric Oxide

  Trihydroxymethylamino-methane
• what is the chemical formula of mercuric oxide

  HgO
• Chem. formula of Sodium Carbonate

  Na2Co3
• the volume of the given sol'n required to rx with the dissolved standrad gives a measure of the NORMALITY of the so'ln

  Primary Standard
• Usually accomplished by determining experimentally the volume of the acid which is equivalent to a known weight of pure basic substance

  Standardization of a sol'n of acid
• usually made by determining experimentally the volume of the base equivalent to a known weight of a pure acid

  Standardization of a sol'n of an Alkali
• anyone of a large number of solid organic acids can be used as a PRIMARY STANDARD for SODIUM HYDROXIDE sol'n

  TRUE
• what are the 4 commonly used that can be used as a primary standard for NaOh

  Potassium Acid Phthalate or Potassium Biphthalate

  Sulfamic Acid

  Benzoic Acid

  Potassium Acid Iodate or Potassium Biiodate
• are usually added by a means of a burette

  Standard Solution or titrants
• act of adding or measuring the volume of the titrant used

  Titration
• in performing volumetric analysis ___ must be added to the analyte

  indicator
• is a chemical reagent which changes color at a very near the end point in the titration where equivalent quantities of analyte and titrant have reacted

  Indicator
• is titrated with a strong alkali (acidimetry)

  Strong Acid
• Is titrated with a strong acid (alkalimetry)

  Strong alkali
• indicators to be used in Strong Alkali (Alkalimetry)

  Methyl orange

  Methyl Red
• a change which is made apparent by the use of the indicators or electrochemically reactive substances

  Stoichiometry Point or Equivalence Point
• The theoretical point or end point at which equivalent amounts of each have reacted

  Stoichiometry point or end point
• is a technical grade anhydrous sodium carbonate

  Soda ash
• contain from a moderate amounts of impurities such as chlorides and hydroxides

  Soda ash
• is merely as a typical alkalimetry pocess

  Analysis of soda ash
• contribute to the total alkaline strength of the ash

  Hydroxides and acids
• Since___ are affected by the carbonic acid liberated in the reaction, which causes a change in color before the reaction is complete

  Phenolphthalein and most other indicators
• many other types of substances which are alkaline and which can be paralyzed by a process essentially the same as these:

  Pearl ash

  Limestone

  Quicklime

  washing soda

  Caustic Soda

  Caustic Potash

  Milk of Magnesia

  household ammonia
• Indicators use the process where a strong alkali is titrated with a strong acid (alkalimetry)


  Methyl red & methyl orange
• chem. formula of pearl ash

  K2CO3
• chem. formula of limestone and quicklime

  CaCO3
• Chem. formula of caustic soda

  NaOH
• caustic potash

  KOH
• Milk magnesia


  suspension of Mg(OH)2
• household Ammonia

  NH3
• washing soda

  Na2CO3.10h2O