TCWD111

• The Brandt Report was published

  1983
• The North


  Countries above the South 30 degree North, comprising one quarter of the world population, characterized by established democracy, wealth, technological advancement, political stability, aging population, zero population growth and dominance of world trade and politics
• The South


  Geographical convenience for the developing countries, comprising three quarters of the world population, representing mainly agrarian economies in Africa, India, China, Latin America and others that are not as economically sound and politically stable as their global North counterparts and tend to be characterised by turmoil, war, conflict, poverty, anarchy and tyranny
• Global North


  • North America
  • Western Europe
  • Canada
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • HongKong
  • Macau
  • Singapore
  • Australia
  • New Zealand
• Global South


  • Malaysia
  • Somalia
  • Haiti
  • Lebanon
  • India
  • Philippines
• The terms the North and the South, when used in a global context, are alternative designations for "developed" and "developing" countries
• The North–South divide is broadly considered a socio-economic and political divide
• The Global North refers to the First World Countries or Developed Countries
• The Global South refers to the Third World Countries or the Developing Countries
• Regionalism


  • The center of gravity of the global economy is shifting to Asia
  • The region's economy is already similar in size to those Europe
  • The region's influence in the world continues to increase
  • The region's economy is already similar in size to those North America
  • It could help sustain the region's growth
  • It could help marshal a common response to major new challenges that often arise suddenly and unexpectedly
  • It would underpin the region's stability
  • It promotes integration among countries in Asia
• Starbucks and Shanty


  • Starbucks branches in Manila, Melbourne, New York and New Delhi
  • Markers of global interconnectedness, even global modernity
  • The sameness represents the cultural homogenization that many critics have associated with globalization
  • The headquarter of Starbucks in located in New York
• Religion


  • Provides a sense of identity
  • Offers a sense of security
  • Provides traditional religious leadership
  • Provides a sense of accountability
• Islamic State of Iraq and Syria launched an offensive on Mosul and Tikrit in June 2014
• Abu Bakr Al Baghdadi


  ISIS leader announced the formation of a caliphate stretching from Aleppo in Syria to Diyala in Iraq, and renamed the group the Islamic State
• Global Cities


  • They are governed through inclusive local democratic processes
  • People have access to educational and health care opportunities
  • People live in communities that are safe
  • Provide adequate wages
  • Transcends boundaries of nation-state
  • The ideas and values of the metropolis shape the world
  • They have a central place in understanding contemporary spatial patterns of globalization
  • They are void of discriminatory practices
  • They provide jobs and pay adequate wages
  • They are accessible to educational opportunities
  • They are accessible to health care opportunities
• Global Cities


  • New York
  • London
• Downsides of the Global City

  • Low cost and alienation
  • High cost, impersonality, alienation and active socialization
  • Low cost, discrimination, alienation and impersonality
  • Impersonality and social isolation
• JMF Global Power City Index Criteria

  • The Global Power City Index (GPCI) evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to their "magnetism" which means comprehensive power to attract creative people and business enterprises from around the world
  • The GPCI reveals the strengths and weaknesses of each city and at the same time uncovers problems that need to be overcome
  • It has been peer reviewed by third parties, all international experts from both the public and private sectors
  • Key Findings of the GPCI – 2017: London (1), New York (2), Tokyo (3), Paris (4) and Singapore (5) have remained in the top 5 for nine consecutive years
  • By region, the European cities on the whole score highly in Livability and Environment
  • Cities such as Los Angeles and Beijing largely improve their ranking
  • San Francisco largely improve their ranking
• JMF Global Power City Index Criteria

  • Cultural Interaction
  • Livability
  • Environment and Economy
  • Research and Development
• Hybridity


  • Consists of mixing previously separated cultural system
  • De – territorialization of cultural processes from their original physical environment to new and foreign contexts
  • Entails impure cultural genres
  • Are formed out of the mixture of several cultural domains
• Cultural Hybridity


  • Consists of mixing previously separate cultural systems, such as mixing the elite art of opera with popular music
  • Hybridity is the deterritorialization of cultural processes from their original physical environment to new and foreign contexts
• Globalization of Media


  • The end of Cold War as a global framework for ideological, geopolitical, and economic competition calls for rethinking of analytic categories and paradigms of thought
  • It conveys a process with less coherence and direction which will weaken the cultural unity of all nation – states
  • Globalization has emerged as a key perspective across the humanities and social sciences
  • Globalization undoubtedly affecting the discipline of communication
• Limitations of Barber's Transnational Capitalism

  • It is based on binary opposition between Jihad and McWorld
  • Privileges of the global over the local
  • Ethnic and religious tribalism and the capital driven West
• Nestor Garcia – Candini


  • Mixing previously cultural systems
  • Deterritorialization of cultural processes
  • Entails impure cultural genres
  • Argentinean Mexican cultural critic
• UNESCO's mission includes issues of communication and culture
• Hybridity


  This view privileges an understanding of the interface of globalization and localization as a dynamic process and hybrid product of mixed traditions and cultural forms. Also known as Hybridization
• Hybrid of Cultures


  A book of Garcia-Candini published in 1995 which advocates a theoretical understanding of Latin American nations as hybrid cultures
• Hybridization


  This has been used in communication and media studies and appears to be a productive theoretical orientation as researchers in international media studies attempt to grasp the complex subtleties of the globalization of culture. One of the most influential voices in the debate about cultural hybrid
• Asia is the largest continent in the world and Continent where Philippines belongs
• John Tomlinson


  According to him, globalization replaced cultural imperialism because it conveys a process with less coherence and direction, which will weaken the cultural unity of all nation-states, not only those in the developing world
• Barber


  According to him, globalization rules via transnational capitalism
• Sassen


  He introduces global cities as global command centers of the world economy. According to him, global cities are characterized by occupational and income polarization, with the highly paid professional class on the one end and providers of low-paid services on the other
• Secularization


  It is understood as a shift in the overall frameworks of human condition; it makes it possible for people to have a choice between belief and non-belief in a manner hitherto unknown
• Religion


  This a belief in a supernatural being
• Transnational Religion


  Emerged through the post-World War II
• Global City


  It means power, sophistication, wealth, and influence
• Cosmopolitanism


  It is the phenomenon most readily associated with the global city
• Dubai and Buenos Aires make their first-ever appearances in the GPCI in 2017 with respective comprehensive rankings of No. 23 and No. 40
• Asian region is home to over half the world's population, produces Three tenths of global output (in terms of purchasing power), and consistently records the world's highest economic growth rates
• What is odd about the new global war is not only in defining it and the nonstate, transnational character of the opposition, but also the opponents' ascription to Ideologies based on religion