ESP - Long Quiz

• Human life is sacred because the human person is the most vital and clearest reflection of God. Every human being is created in the image and likeness of God
• Drug addiction - Causes compulsive drug seeking and use that will influence the user's behavior and mental functions
• Drugs are categorized into two: Therapeutic and Nontherapeutic
• Therapeutic - Meant to cure diseases
• Nontherapeutic - When taken, can destroy the human person, also known as prohibited drugs
• Restoration of capital punishment in the country has been the clamor of some due to rising crime incidents.
• R.A 7659 - Death Penalty Law
• The death penalty was not effective
• Euthanasia or Mercy killing - Ending a persons life in a painless manner. There are two types of euthanasia, active euthanasia and passive euthanasia
• Active Euthanasia is instant death wherein the doctor gives medicine to kill a patient
• Passive Euthanasia is where the patient does not get medicine that they need to stay alive, slowly killing the patient
• Birth control or the use of contraception - It violates the sacredness of life
• Abortion - It is ending a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the mothers womb. It is categorized into spontaneous, indirect, and induced abortion
• Spontaneous Abortion - Involuntary expulsion of fetus, also known as "miscarriage"
• Indirect Abortion - It is foreseen but unintended loss of the fetus following a medical procedure significant to preserve life of the fetus or of the mother
• Induced Abortion - It is a direct abortion in which the unwanted child is killed or removed
• Other forms of violations and threats to human life are the suffering and devastation of people caused by war and other internal or external conflicts, massive killings or massacres, the deprivation from food and water, prostitution, inhuman treatment of convicted criminals, physical and psychological torture and many others.
• The Philippines widely heralded as the next "Tiger" economy of Asia has recently been in the spotlight for its stellar economic performance
• Economic powerhouses China, Japan, and South Korea advanced decades of blistering 8-10% annual growth
• The Philippines expanded at a lackluster yearly average of 3.3% annual growth from 1980 to 2012
• The Philippines was considered a progressive Asian country second only to Japan. It was acclaimed as a Newly Industrializing Country (NIC) in the 1970s and again in the mid 1990s
• All economies are buffeted by external shocks but for post-war Philippines, domestic upheavals were major crises of governance that played a major role in derailing the economy.
• "Governance", notes the IMF, includes "all aspects of the way a country is governed, including its economic policies and regulatory framework, as well as adherence to the rule of law"
• According to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), good governance has eight major characteristics: "it is participatory, consensus-oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive, and follows the rule of law. It assures that the corruption is minimized"
• According to UNESCAP, governance means the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented(or not implemented).
• The government is one of the actors in governance, the views and opinions of the minorities are considered and the voices of the minorities are considered and the voices of those vulnerable in the country are heard in decision-making. Moreover, good governance addresses the needs of the constituents in the present and future undertakings
• Graft - Form of political corruption that abuses or misuses the public office for personal gain, it may come in different forms namely: bribery, fraud, theft, falsification of records, kickbacks, and others.
• Corruption - A wrong doing of a powerful party, a government agency or a person of power and authority through means that are illegal, illegitimate, immoral and unethical.
• Tax Evasion is very rampant, particularly in the private sector due to the refusal of those engaged in private businesses to honestly declare their annual income and to pay the corresponding taxes to the government.
• Ghost projects and payrolls is done by high officials of the government whereby nonexisting projects are financed by the government
• Nepotism or Favoritism - Those in high positions tend to cause the appointment or employment of relatives and close friends to government positions even if they are not qualified or eligible to discharge the functions of that office.
• Extortion - Done by government officials against their clients by demanding money, valuable items, or services from ordinary citizens who transact business with them or their office.
• Kotong, tong - A form of bribery which is done by citizens performing illegal activities and operations, also known as protection money.
• "lagay" system - The act of citizens to bribe government officials occupying sensitive positions in the government is perpetuated due to bureaucratic red tape. The most frequently employed method is offering a considerable amount of money to a government official
• Evasion of Public Bidding in the Awarding of Contracts - Members of bids and award committees are very subjective of awarding the contract to those who can provide them with personal benefits
• Passing of Contracts - Contractors pass the work from one contractor to another and in the process, certain percentage of the project value is retained by each contractor and subcontractors resulting in the use of substandard materials or even unfinished projects
• Participatory - based on individuals having a voice in decisions that affect them
• Consensus-oriented - Considers the broad range of opinions represented before making decisions
• Accountable - Responsible for public policies implemented
• Transparent - Sharing information and acting in an open manner