Unit One

Created by

Georgia Brooks

Cards (187)

Diploid 
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes - one set from each parent. Typical number of chromosomes found in body cells of most organisms, including humans.
Polyploid 
A cell that contains multiple sets of chromosomes, usually more than two. Can occur naturally or artificially induced. Key difference from diploid is the number of sets of chromosomes present in the cell.
Organism 
A living thing made up of one or more cells
Cell 
The smallest functional unit of a living organism
Specialised cells 
Serve a unique, particular function
Tissue 
A cluster of cells which perform a shared function
Organ 
The combination of tissues and cells into a distinct structure that performs a specific function
System 
A collection of organs and tissues that perform specific functions necessary for survival
Plant tissues
Vascular tissues
Dermal tissue
Ground tissues
Vascular tissues 
Conducting tissues that transport water and nutrients throughout a plant. An encompassing term for the xylem tissue and phloem tissue
Dermal tissue
Collection of cells that form the outer linings of a plant
Ground tissues
An encompassing term for many different plant tissue types, which are involved in metabolism and support
Leaves
The plant organs that are responsible for photosynthesis
Flowers
The reproductive organ of angiosperms. Grows into fruit following fertilisation
Fruit
The seed-bearing structures that are responsible for the protection of developing seeds and seed dispersal
Stem
The main body of the plant that provides support and connects the whole plant
Roots 
The plant organ embedded in the ground. Absorbs water and nutrients from soil, and provides support for the plant
Plant organ systems 
Root system
Shoot system
Root system 
Organ system in plants that is responsible for providing support to the plant and water and nutrient absorption from soil
Shoot system 
Organ system in plants made up of reproductive organs, stems, and leaves
Animal tissues 
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue 
Collection of animal cells that are capable of contraction. Includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle
Nervous tissue 
Collection of animal cells that sense stimuli and initiate responses. Also known as nerve tissue
Connective tissue 
Collection of many different animal cells that bind and support the other major tissue types
Epithelial tissue 
One of the basic tissue types in animals that line the outer surface of organs and blood vessels
Animal organ systems 
Digestive system
Excretory system
Endocrine system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Integumentary system
Nervous system
Immune system
Respiratory system
Blood circulatory system
Reproductive system
Digestive system 
The collection of specialised tissues and organs responsible for the breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients
Excretory system 
The collection of organs and tissues that removes excess fluid and waste materials from the body
Endocrine system 
The collection of glands in animals responsible for producing hormones that can be transported in the bloodstream to regulate distant organs/cells
Hormone 
A signalling molecule released from endocrine glands that regulates the growth or activity of target cells
Skeletal system 
The organ system comprised of bone and cartilage that supports the body and the muscular system to enable movement
Muscular system
Collection of muscle tissues that circulate blood and enable movement
Integumentary system 
The organs and tissues responsible for protecting the body from the external environment
Nervous system 
The network of nerve tissue that receives, transmits, and responds to stimuli
Immune system 
Collection of organs and tissues that provide resistance to and protection from infection and diseases
Respiratory system 
The organ system that allows an organism to breathe and exchange gases with the external environment
Blood circulatory system 
The network of blood vessels and the heart that pumps blood around the body
Reproductive system 
The sex organs responsible for sexual reproduction
Vascular plants 
A group of plants that contain vascular tissues
Vascular tissues 
Xylem tissue
Phloem tissue