BREAST AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

• Supernumerary nipples - additional nipple
• Breast - pair of mammary gland located on the anterior chest wall
• Corpus Luteum and placenta- soreness during pregnancy
• Gynecomastia - enlargement of male breast
• Nipples - round hairless (0.5-1.5 diameter)
• Areola - pigmented area surronding the nipples (2.5-10cm)
• Axilla - armpit, small hallow portion beneath the arm
• Central nodes - most frequently palpable
• Upper Outer Quadrant - most targeted by the breast cancer
• 1. Pectoral Nodes (anterior)
  2. Subscapular Nodes (posterior)
  3. Lateral Nodes (branchial)
• Positioning - for refraction and dinpling
• peau d'orange - orange skin appearance
• colostrum - yellow discharge

  • white discharge of breast milk
• D - discharge

  I - inversion

  S - skin changes

  C - compare with the other side
• Patterns of Palpation

  1. circular or clockwise
  2. wedges or spoke of a wheel
  3. vertical strip - best in detecting breast mass
  4. bimanual technique -for large breast