History Compromises

• Missouri Compromise


  - US: 1820 : 22 states

  - 11 Free states : N

  - 11 Slave states : S

  - Missouri aquirred from the LP: wanted to a slave state in the Union

  - N: congress should be allowed to prohibit slavery

  - S: popular sovereignty

  - Missouri was a slave state : throw off balance of power in congress

  - In exchange For Missouri = Slave state, Northern territory of maine = Free state

  - Ensured equal representation of N/S

  - Banned slavery = remaining LP territory north latitude line 3630
• Compromise of 1850

  - New territories acquired from Mexican - American War

  - N: insisted territory free of slavery

  - S insisted slavery be legal in new territories

  - California = free and in the Mexican territory = popular sovereignty

  - Included fugitive slave act = made Southerners pleased

  - Attempted to resolve differences in the US over slavery issues
• Kansas - Nebraska Act


  1854 it opened up the region to the possible spread of slavery, ignited a fire storm that launched the country on a path to the civil war.

  - Territory acquired from French, 50 years earlier in Louisiana Purchase

  - Senator Stephen Douglas introduced a bill to organise the region into 2 territories: K&N

  - SD developed the idea popular sovereignty

  - He needed at least possibility of allowing slavery in new territories to get support of southern Democrats for his bills.

  - The act overturned Missouri Compromise which had banned slavery anywhere north of latitude line 36'30 N

  - Result = bleeding Kansas = outbreak of violence in the territory sparked by this new legislation

  - There was a civil war in Kansas between pro-slavery/anti-slavery forces

  - 1858 = clashes had claimed 200 lives

  - Result = repealed Missouri Compromise, created 2 new territories, and allowed for population sovereignty.
• Siege of Vicksburg


  - Union victory

  - Divided Confederacy, cemented reputation of Union General Ulysses S.Grant

  - Union forces waged a campaign to take Confederate stronghold of Vickburgs & Mississippi

  - 47 day siege of Vicksburg eventually gave control of the Mississippi River - a critical supply line - to the Union, and was part of the Union's successful Anaconda Plan to cut off all trade to the Confederacy.

  - Vickburg = strategic location on the east Bank of Mississippi River = "The nailheads that holds the South's two halves together" According to Confederate President Jefferson Davis/
• Anaconda Plan


  Union war plan by Winfield Scott, blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi River and to take Union army through heart of south.

  - Naval blockade

  - Targeted = major points of entry for slave/slave trade but also attacked cotton export.s