physics paper 1

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Created by
charlotte

Cards (26)

  • Kinetic energy equation

    E = 1/2 mv^2
  • Rearranging kinetic energy equation

    V = √(2E/m)
  • Gravitational potential energy equation
    GPE = mgh
  • Power

    The rate of energy transferred or rate of work done
  • Efficiency

    Useful energy out / Total energy in
  • Current equation

    I = Q/t
  • Units of current and charge
    Current (I) in Amperes (A), Charge (Q) in Coulombs (C)
  • Ohm's Law

    V = IR
  • Resistance of filament bulb increases with current due to increased collisions with hot ions
  • Components in series

    • Same current, PD shared based on resistance
  • Components in parallel

    • Same PD, current shared
  • Thermistor

    Resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing temperature
  • LDR

    Light dependent resistor, resistance decreases with increasing light intensity
  • UK mains electricity

    230V, 50Hz AC
  • Step-up transformer

    Increases voltage to reduce current and power losses in transmission
  • Step-down transformer

    Decreases voltage to 230V for household use
  • Positive charge at the center of the electric field
  • Finding density of regular and irregular objects
    Regular: Volume = length * width * height
    Irregular: Volume = water displaced
  • Internal energy

    Sum of kinetic and potential energies of particles
  • Temperature stays constant during melting/evaporation as energy is used to overcome particle attractions
  • Ways to increase gas pressure
    • Decrease volume, add more gas, increase temperature
  • Pressure and volume are inversely proportional for a gas at constant temperature (Boyle's Law)
  • Rutherford discovered the atom has a small positive charge at the center (the nucleus)
  • Alpha, beta, gamma radiation
    Alpha: Helium nuclei, stopped by paper
    Beta: High energy electrons, stopped by aluminium
    Gamma: High energy EM waves, reduced by lead/concrete
  • Sources of background radiation
    • Cosmic rays, radon gas, medical equipment, nuclear weapons, some foods
  • Energy in nuclear fission and fusion comes from the decrease in mass of the nuclear fuel