Bonding

• what does ionic bonding happen between

  metals and non metals
• what happens during ionic bonding

  non metal gains electron becomes negative ion and metal looses the electron given and becomes positive ion. The oposite charged ions are stronly attracted by electrostatic forces. this is an ionic bond
• What happens metal in iconic bonding

  looses and positive charge
• What happens to negative ion

  gains and negative charge
• what do ionic compounds have

  regular lattice structure
• what can you tell me about the forces in ionic complounds

  -very strong

  -electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositly charged ions in all directions
• why do ionic compounds have high metling and boiling points

  takes alot of energy to overcome the strong bonds of attraction
• can icoic compounds conduct electricy

  -not when solid

  -yes when metlted or dissolved cause ions are free to carry electric charge
• why do some ions have higher melting points than others

  - bigger charge means stronger ionic bonding therefore are harder to break apart and more energy is needed
• Ionic bonding is the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
• what do metals consist of

  Giant structures of atoms
• what forces of attraction are between the shared sea of electrons and the positive metal ion

  electrostatic attraction
• what is metallic bonding


  the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons to form a regular structure
• is metallic bonding strong

  yes
• what two stubstances are held together by metalic bonds

  -alloys

  -metallic elements
• what produces the properties of metals

  the delocalized electrons
• are metals good conductors of electricty and heat and why

  yes, the delocalised electrons are free to carry a charge and thermal enegry through the whole structure
• are most metals mallable and ductile and why

  yes, the layers atoms can slide over eachother making the mallable ( can be bent hammerd or rolled into flat sheets) layers can also be drawn out into thin wires making them ductile
• What does covalent bonding occur between?

  two non-metals
• what is the eletrosttic attraction between in a covalent bond

  the positive nucli of the atom and the negative electrons in each shared pair
• are covalent bonds strong

  yes very strong
• covalent bond


  A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule to have a full outer shell
• what are substances formed by covlnt bonds normally

  simple molecular structures
• what are forces WITHIN the moluclues held together by

  very strong covalent bonds
• what are the forces of atracction like between the molueles

  weak feeble intermolecular forces
• what forces do you have to overcome to boil a simple covalent compound

  feeble intermolecular forces
• are malting and boiling points high of simple molecular substnaces

  very low and the molecules are easily parted from eachother
• What state are simple molecular substances at room temperature?

  gasses or liquids
• Do simple molecular substances conduct electricity?

  no as they have no free electrons or ions
• are Simple molecular substances solubale in water

  no they are usually quite insouluable in water
• Do giant covalent structures have high or low melting and boiling points?

  very high because the atoms are bonded together by strong covalent bonds
• do GCS conduct electricity?

  no ( expt graphene and graphite) cause they dont conatian charged particles
• are GCS soluable in water

  no
• what is dimond made up of ( hoe many covalent bonds does it form) and what is it used for

  -made up of a network of carbon atoms that each form 4 covalent bonds

  -rigid lattice structure makes it very hard so used for strengthening cutting tools
• what is one of the strongest materials ever tested

  graphene
• what is graphene


  A single layer of graphite one atom thick. ( two dimention compound) its a sheet of carbon atoms joined together in hexagons
• Does graphene conduct electricity? Why or why not?

  yes cause it had delocalised electrons
• in graphite how many covalent bonds are there and what shape do these sheets of carbon atoms create

  3 for each atom and hexagons
• one use of graphite and why

  lubricatnt, cause theres no covalnt bonds between structure they are only held together weakly so they are free to move over eachother making them soft and slippery
• does graphite conuct electricity and why or why not

  only 3/4 of carbons outer electrons are used in bonds so each atom has 1 electon thats free and can carry an eletrical charge..