Musculoskeletal system

• Musculoskeletal

  The skeleton and the attached muscles
• Musculoskeletal system

  • Involved with support and movement of the body
• Components of the human skeleton

  • Axial
  • Appendicular
• Types of bones

  • Long bone
  • Short bone
  • Flat bone
  • Irregular
  • Sesamoid
• Types of joints

  • Fibrous - immovable
  • Cartilaginous - some movement
  • Synovial - Movable and flexible
• Types of synovial joints

  • Pivot
  • Saddle
  • Plane
  • Hinge
  • Condyloid
  • Ball and socket
• Striated muscle

  • General structure
• Functions of the musculoskeletal system

  • Skeletal functions: Provides support, Protection, Attachment for muscles/ligaments, Blood production, Storages of Minerals
  • Muscle functions: Facilitates movement (locomotion), Provide support, Sliding Filament Theory (Muscle contraction)
• Sliding Filament Theory

  Muscle contraction involving actin and myosin proteins
• Muscle contraction

  1. Calcium ions and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) form cross bridges between actin and myosin filaments

  2. ATP breaks the cross bridge between the actin and myosin filaments

  3. ATPase restores the myosin head to its normal position

  4. Repetition of this cycle leads to the shortening of the sarcomere