week 10

Cards (40)

  • Viral Gastroenteritis
    Also referred to as "stomach flu" or "24 hour flu"
  • Viral Gastroenteritis
    • Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, myalgia, headache, malaise, low grade fever
    • Can be fatal in an infant or young child
  • Viral Gastroenteritis
    Caused by rotavirus
  • Viral Gastroenteritis
    Self limiting sickness lasting 24 to 48 hours
  • Viral Hepatitis
    Inflammation of the liver
  • Causes of Viral Hepatitis
    Alcohol, drug, and viruses
  • Viruses that cause Viral Hepatitis
    • HAV
    • HBV
    • HCV
    • HDV
    • HEV
  • Hepatitis A (HAV)

    Fecal-oral transmission, affects children, caused by contaminated street foods
  • Hepatitis B (HBV)

    Parenteral and sexually transmitted, affects any age
  • Hepatitis C (HCV)

    Parenteral transmission in adults, blood borne
  • Hepatitis D (HDV)

    Parenteral transmission in adults, blood borne
  • Hepatitis E (HEV)

    Fecal-oral transmission, affects young adults
  • Hepatitis B, C, and D can become chronic
  • Hepatitis D can be prevented by giving Hepatitis B vaccine
  • Acute, Febrile, Viral Respiratory Disease
    Can be caused by parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
  • Acute, Febrile, Viral Respiratory Disease
    • Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, general aching, malaise, anorexia, and sometimes gastrointestinal diseases
    • May include rhinitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis, otitis media, sinusitis, and death
  • Influenza (Flu)
    Acute, viral respiratory infection with fever, chills, headache, aches and pains throughout the body, sore throat, cough, nasal drainage
  • Influenza Viruses
    • Influenza A - causes severe symptoms and is associated with pandemics and severe disease and more localized outbreaks
    • Influenza C - does not cause epidemics or significant disease
  • Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

    Primarily a disease of birds, but can cause human disease with symptoms ranging from influenza-like symptoms to eye infections, pneumonia, acute severe respiratory distress, and other severe and life-threatening complications
  • Avian Influenza Viruses
    • Prominent subtypes are H5, H7, and H9
    • H5N1 is the most virulent strain
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

    Viral respiratory illness with symptoms of high fever, chills, headache, general discomfort, body aches, and diarrhea
  • SARS Pathogen
    SARS associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
  • Anogenital Herpes Viral Infections (Genital Herpes)

    Herpes simplex infections characterized by a localized primary lesion, latency, and a tendency to localized recurrence
  • Genital Herpes
    • Usually caused by HSV-2, but occasionally caused by HSV-1
    • Symptoms include itching, tingling, soreness, followed by small patch and then small group of small, painful blisters
  • Genital Warts (Genital Papillomatosis, Condyloma Acuminatum)

    Grow rapidly and develop stalks, appearance of small cauliflowers
  • Genital Warts Pathogen
    • Caused by HPVs of Papovaviridae family of DNA viruses (human wart virus)
    • HPV genotypes 16 and 18 are associated with cervical cancer
  • HIV Infection and AIDS
    • Infection with the HIV virus, a single stranded RNA virus
    • AIDS is the late clinical stage of HIV, caused by the invasion and destruction of helper T cells leading to immunosuppression
  • Infectious Mononucleosis
    Also called "mono" or the "kissing disease", an acute viral disease that may be asymptomatic or characterized by fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and fatigue
  • Infectious Mononucleosis Pathogen
    Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as herpesvirus 4, is oncogenic (cancer causing)
  • Mumps (Infectious Parotitis)
    Characterized by fever, swelling, and tenderness of the salivary glands, can also cause orchitis, oophoritis, meningitis, mastitis, and pericarditis
  • Viral Hemorrhagic Diseases
    Considered extremely serious acute viral illnesses with sudden onset of fever and malaise
  • Viral Hemorrhagic Diseases
    Includes Marburg virus infection and Ebola virus
  • Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis
    A rodent-borne viral disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis, with possible complications of deafness and neurological damage
  • Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Pathogen
    Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), a member of the family Arenaviridae
  • Poliomyelitis (Polio, Infantile Paralysis)

    Causes a minor illness with fever, malaise, headache, nausea, and vomiting, and can lead to flaccid paralysis
  • Poliomyelitis Pathogen
    Polioviruses, RNA viruses in the family Picornaviridae
  • Rabies
    Fatal, acute viral encephalomyelitis of mammals with symptoms of mental depression, restlessness, headache, fever, malaise, paralysis, salivation, and spasms of throat muscles
  • Rabies Pathogen
    Rabies virus, a bullet-shaped, enveloped RNA virus in the family Rhabdoviridae
  • Viral Meningitis
    Also known as aseptic meningitis, a common but rarely serious condition with presence of mononuclear WBC, increased protein, normal glucose, and absence of bacteria
  • Viral Encephalitis (Arthropod-borne Viral Encephalitis)
    • An acute inflammatory viral disease caused by arboviruses (viruses spread by arthropods)
    • In the US, the most frequent mosquito-borne infection is St. Louis encephalitis virus, and the West Nile virus took the top slot in 2002
    • In the Philippines, the dengue virus is a concern