Module 6

• Seasons


  Changes in temperature and daylight throughout the year
• Four seasons


  • Spring
  • Summer
  • Autumn
  • Winter
• Spring


  • Day and night are the same length
  • Weather gets warmer and sunnier
  • Trees and plants start to grow
  • Many animals have their babies
• Summer


  • Longest day of the year
  • Warmest and sunniest time of the year
  • Fruit grows on trees and plants
  • Young animals grow bigger and stronger
• Autumn


  • Day and night are the same length again
  • Leaves change color and fall from the trees
  • Some animals collect food before winter
• Winter


  • Shortest day of the year
  • Colder weather, sometimes with snow
  • Plants and trees stop growing
  • Some animals hibernate
• Countries located 23.5 degrees to 66.5 degrees north and south latitudes experience four seasons
• The areas where the four seasons are experienced is known as the temperate zone
• Summer solstice


  1. Earth's axis is tilted toward the sun

  2. Tropic of Cancer receives vertical rays from the sun

  3. Rest of Earth receives slanting or oblique rays

  4. Northern Hemisphere experiences longer days than night

  5. Areas beyond Arctic Circle receive 24 hours of daylight

  6. Areas beyond Antarctic Circle are in complete darkness for 24 hours
• If it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere


  It is winter in the Southern Hemisphere
• Temperate zone


  The region where seasons are experienced
• The Earth's axis is tilted toward the sun


  June 21 or 22
• At this time, the Tropic of Cancer (located at 23.5 degrees north) receives vertical rays from the sun, while the rest of the Earth receives slanting or oblique rays</b>
• This is the summer solstice and this marks the beginning of the summer season in the northern hemisphere
• At this time, the Northern Hemisphere experiences longer days than night leading to higher surface temperatures
• Areas beyond the Arctic Circle (located at 66.5 degrees north) receive 24 hours of daylight and the areas beyond the Antarctic Circle (located at 66.5 degrees south) are in complete darkness for 24 hours
• If it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, then it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere
• The vertical rays of the sun have moved from the Tropic of Cancer to the equator (0 degrees latitude)


  September
• This month marks the beginning of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and spring in the Southern Hemisphere
• The length of day and night is equal everywhere on Earth, this is called autumnal equinox


  September 22 or 23
• The Earth reaches half of its path around the sun, the Northern Hemisphere is now tilted away from the sun


  December
• The vertical rays of the sun now strike the Tropic of Capricorn (located at 23.5 degrees south)
• The northernmost limit of the sun's rays at 66.5 degrees North, so the areas beyond the Arctic Circle experience 24 hours of darkness
• This is the winter solstice and it marks the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere

  December 21 or 22
• During this time, countries in the Northern Hemisphere experiences longer nights than days
• It is then summer in the southern hemisphere and all the conditions are reversed
• This marks the spring equinox and this is the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere

  March 20 or 21
• The length of day and night is equal at this time everywhere on Earth
• Within a year, we experience two solstices and two equinoxes
• This attributes to the tilt of the Earth's axis that 'changes' the suns position relative to the Earth's equator, the Earth's motion around the sun and the spherical shape of earth

  
• Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted
• Earth rotates on its axis as it orbits the Sun, but the axis always points in the same direction

  
• The Philippines is in the tropical climate zone, so people of the Philippines do not experience the four seasons
• Seasons in the Philippines

  Wet and dry seasons