pre design

• Types of Building Construction

  • Residential
  • Industrial
  • Commercial
  • Heavy civil
• Pre-design phase


  The phase of analysis that occurs after some form of funding is available and before design begins
• Basic methods and techniques in construction

  • Preparation of the project site
  • Earthmoving
  • Foundation treatment
  • Steel Erection
  • Concrete Placement
  • Asphalt Paving
  • Electrical Installation
  • Mechanical Installation
• Preparation of the project site


  1. Site observation and evaluation

  2. Soil Testing (pre-construction soil testing)

  3. Demolition

  4. Underground utility mapping

  5. Removing Asbestos

  6. Site surveying and set out

  7. Clearing the site

  8. Site excavation and earthwork

  9. Termite risk management
• Site observation and evaluation


  Find out all of the peculiarities of the site, measure and assess before you take care of other tasks, ensure that the building is going to be constructed in a suitable location for your project, provide information about old or existing water, gas and sewer lines that may pass through the site
• Soil Testing (pre-construction soil testing)


  A geotechnical investigation is carried out to examine the composition, properties, and condition of the soil (examination of rock and groundwater may also be included in this phase)
• Demolition


  A future construction site may carry structures and buildings that should be demolished, you will need a plan to clearly indicate what needs to be demolished and what are other buildings on the site that should remain where they are
• Underground utility mapping


  Consider this step especially if you are going to build in urban areas where you will find a complex network of subsurface structures, services and utilities, you must be careful not to hit or damage any cables or pipes
• Removing Asbestos


  If asbestos or ACM is identified in a workplace, they must be removed before the construction commences, when removal is not reasonably practicable, other control measures (such as encapsulation or sealing) must be implemented to minimize exposure, asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral, there are six types, all of which are composed of long and thin fibrous crystals, each fibre being composed of many microscopic "fibrils" that can be released into the atmosphere by abrasion and other processes
• Clearing the site


  You should remove any underground wood, underbush, trees, and rocks to a distance of approximately three metres from the building zone, if the top soil is of good quality, remove it with a bulldozer for later use in landscaping
• Site excavation and earthwork

  1. Bulk excavation (an excavation that clears a level area for the building)

  2. Detailed or footing excavation (the ground must be free of mud, loose earth, and tree roots)

  3. Cut and fill (cut a higher area of the land and fill a lower part of the site with the removed material)

  4. Split level (create a level platform if the site is sloping)

  5. Before excavation work, it's important to make sure that the crew and heavy equipment can easily get in and out of the area
• Termite risk management


  Termites may eat timber products and any material containing cellulose – their principal food, termites can get inside a building via wall cavities, cracks in concrete slabs and voids in walls or floor